Effect of the probiotic bacterium<i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i>on white spot lesion development in orthodontic patients

Gizani, Sotiria; Petsi, Georgia; Twetman, Svante; Caroni, C.; Makou, Margarita; Papagianoulis, Lisa

doi:10.1093/ejo/cjv015

Cited by 46 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Gizani et al [30] assessed the development of white spot lesions (WSL) on photographs [34], following the administration of lozenges containing Lactobacillus reuteri for a mean period of 17 months. The other three studies investigated gingival inflammation for a maximum period of 1 month, using gingivitis [33,35] or bleeding [36] indices.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do probiotics promote oral health during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances? A systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background: Treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances has been associated with significant biofilm accumulation, thus putting patients at a higher risk of oral health deterioration. The use of probiotics has been proposed to be useful in the prevention or treatment of oral pathologies such as caries and diseases of periodontal tissues. Our aim was to investigate the effects of probiotic use on inflammation of the gingival tissues and the decalcification of the enamel in patients being treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: We searched without restrictions 8 databases and performed hand searching until September 2019. We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating whether individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances benefit from probiotic treatment in terms of the inflammation of the gingivae and decalcification of the enamel. Following the selection of studies and the extraction of pertinent data, we appraised the risk of bias and the confidence in the observed effects based on established methodologies. Results: From the final qualifying studies, three did not show any statistically significant effect on gingival inflammation after probiotic administration of up to 1 month. Similarly, non-significant differences were noted in another study regarding white spot lesions development (mean administration for 17 months). No adverse effects were reported and the level of evidence was considered moderate. Conclusions: Supplementation of orthodontic patients with probiotics did not affect the development of inflammation in the gingivae and decalcification in the enamel. Additional RCTs, with longer intervention and follow-up periods, and involving different combinations of probiotic strains are required. Trial registration: PROSPERO (CRD42018118008)

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Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do probiotics promote oral health during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances? A systematic review

et al. 2020

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“…Of the five included studies, three of them 22-24 reported significant differences between the treatment and the control groups; another declared significant decreases in the final counts of microorganisms compared to the start of treatment. 25 Only one study 26 reported no differences of any kind. (Table 2) The probiotic strains used in the selected articles were reported in four of the five studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only study in which no decrease in Streptococcus mutans was reported was in the one published by Gizani et al 26 which had important methodological differences with respect to the studies previously published in the area. The probiotic concentration used (10 8 bacteria per strain used daily) is well below the recommended concentration used to evaluate its effect on the oral cavity.…”

Section: 41mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention of carious lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Contreras¹,

Kay

Burgos

et al. 2017

J Oral Res

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The difficulty experienced by patients with fixed orthodontic appliances in maintaining adequate oral hygiene poses a risk for dental caries. The use of probiotics has been proposed as a means of prevention. The following systematic review aims to determine the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention of dental caries during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. This review was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed and Google Scholar Beta databases. The inclusion criteria included randomized controlled clinical trials involving the use of probiotics, caries and patients under fixed orthodontic treatment. The methodological quality of the articles was evaluated according to risk of bias. Of the five included studies, three reported significant differences compared to the control group. Of the others, one article reported significant decrease in the final count of microorganisms compared to the beginning of treatment. Only one study reported no differences of any kind. It was estimated that the eligible studies were of moderate methodological quality and had an unclear risk of bias, without affecting key domains for the research. It is concluded that the daily consumption of probiotics can be effective in the prevention of carious lesions in patients under fixed orthodontic treatment. However, this should be interpreted with caution and corroborated by clinical trials of better methodological quality.

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“…It has been proved in clinical studies that toothpastes containing triclosan and zinc citrate reduce dental plaque [69]. In probiotics-related studies on orthodontics, a reduction in the amount of Streptococcus has been reported; however, no positive effect on white spot lesions has been observed [72,73].…”

Section: Chemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Orthodontic Treatment and Dental Caries

Metin-Gürsoy¹,

Uzuner²

2018

Dental Caries - Diagnosis, Prevention and Management

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Orthodontic treatment is the main treatment procedure to achieve a well-aligned dental arch and an esthetic smile. For this purpose, various types of removable or fixed orthodontic appliances are designed. However, each has their specific disadvantages. The most important one is that orthodontic appliances especially the brackets and the ligation mode create new retention areas in addition to blocking plaque-removing shear forces arising from fluid flow and masticatory loads with a resultant undesired effect of accumulation of dental plaque. Increased amount of dental plaque containing cariogenic bacteria is the main etiologic factor in decalcification of enamel during orthodontic treatment. This demineralization of the tooth surfaces results in appearance of white spots or even caries. However, in the literature, there are conflicting results in the relationship between orthodontic treatment and development of dental caries. Many preventive methods such as topical fluoride application, using bonding materials releasing fluoride, using mouth rinse with sodium fluoride, applying chlorhexidine, and so on were defined. The general comment of the authors is that supplying an adequate oral hygiene has the main role in prevention of demineralization-caries during orthodontic treatment. In the light of the previous studies' results, it can be concluded that professional application like a varnish can be provided for patients who have high caries incidence.

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Effect of the probiotic bacteriumLactobacillus reuterion white spot lesion development in orthodontic patients

Abstract: Daily intake of probiotic lozenges did not seem to affect the development of WSL during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.

Cited by 46 publications

References 27 publications

Do probiotics promote oral health during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances? A systematic review

Do probiotics promote oral health during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances? A systematic review

Effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention of carious lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances.

The Relationship between Orthodontic Treatment and Dental Caries

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