Effect of thermal aging at 475 °C on the properties of lean duplex stainless steel 2101

Silva, R.; Baroni, L.F.S.; Silva, M.B.R.; Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira; Kuri, S.E.; Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2016.03.002

Cited by 54 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Posttest SEM investigation indicated that the reactivation peaks of the DL-EPR test can be attributed to the preferential corrosion attack of Cr-depleted regions around Cr-carbides and Cr-nitrides. The presence of other tertiary phases, such as σ-, α'-, G-and Chi-phase can also promote increased DL-EPR values, but these were not found here in our lean duplex microstructures 16,28,33,34 . In general, WPS 1 resulted in lower DOS values than WPS 2 when tested in 0.5 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 + 0.01 mol L -1 KSCN solution.…”

Section: Skpfm Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 52%

Corrosion Assessment of ASME Qualified Welding Procedures for Grade 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel

et al. 2019

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ASME qualified welding procedures do not guarantee suitable corrosion and passivation properties for lean duplex stainless steel welds. An evaluation of two ASME qualified welding procedures to optimize the corrosion performance of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welded grade 2101 duplex stainless steel using ER2209 weld consumable was conducted. The evolution of the microstructure was examined by optical and electron microscopy, ferrite-scope measurements, and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy. An electrochemical mini-cell was then used to characterize the electrochemical behavior of different weld regions using the techniques such as the double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation test, standard potentiodynamic polarization tests, and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization. The fusion line was the most critical zone for localized corrosion for both welding procedures, due to the formation of Cr- and Mo-depleted zones, resulting in the highest degree of sensitization. The best performance was attributed to the weld face, due to the presence of higher Cr and Mo contents, highlighting the pitting corrosion resistance. A heat input range of 1.6 kJ/mm to 1.9 kJ/mm and low current density (WPS 1) indicated better corrosion performance of all weld regions. The electrochemical corrosion response was in all cases related to microstructural characteristics of the weld regions. The influence of weld parameters on microstructure development and corrosion performance is discussed.

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Section: Skpfm Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 52%

Corrosion Assessment of ASME Qualified Welding Procedures for Grade 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel

et al. 2019

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“…The ferrite and austenite phase fractions derived from the Rietveld refinement 64,65 of the XRD spectra are presented in Table 1. It was observed that increasing laser scan speeds resulted in decreasing austenite and increasing ferrite phase fraction.…”

Section: Clad-heat Affected Zone Profile Properties As Presented Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallurgical and Electrochemical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Clads on Low Carbon Steel Substrate produced with Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Murkute

Pasebani

Isgor

2020

Sci Rep

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this study aims to improve the corrosion resistance of the low carbon steel by cladding it with super duplex stainless steel using laser powder bed fusion process. critical process parameters such as laser power, laser scan speed, hatch spacing, and powder layer thickness were optimized to achieve the best possible metallurgical bonding between the clad and the substrate. the evaporative losses experienced during the laser melting process resulted in clad layers with lower chromium content (12-25 wt. %) as compared to 26 wt. % of the feedstock powder. A clad thickness of 65.8 µm was achieved after melting ten 50 µm thick powder layers. the higher cooling rates associated with laser powder bed fusion resulted in fine high aspect ratio columnar grain structures with predominantly ferrite grains; however, widmanstätten austenite needles were observed with increasing laser scan speeds. increasing scan speed had a negative impact on the thickness, corrosion resistance, and the pitting potential of the clads exposed to 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution. Clads produced at the lowest scan speeds showed comparable corrosion resistance to rolled and annealed super duplex stainless steel. Duplex stainless steels (DSS) are a special class of ferrous alloys with a balanced ferrite (δ) and austenite (γ) phase microstructure. This dual-phase structure imparts these steels a high strength, toughness, and increased corrosion resistance in environments containing acids, acid chlorides, seawater, and caustic chemicals. Super duplex stainless steels (SDSS) 1 are a variant of DSS with higher Cr (25-26 wt. %) and Mo (4 wt. %) contents. SDSS typically shows superior pitting and stress corrosion cracking resistance than DSS; therefore, the use of SDSS has been increasing in highly corrosive environments, including oil and gas infrastructure, desalination plants, chemical storage tanks, heat exchangers, and paper/pulp manufacturing facilities 1. Although low carbon steel (LCS) remains to be the most widely used ferrous alloy, its applications are limited because it is highly vulnerable to corrosion in neutral, acidic, or saline environments 2. Corrosion-resistant SDSS alloys possess superior corrosion resistance than the LCS for the aforementioned applications, albeit with a significantly higher material cost. One of the viable means to reduce the component cost without compromising on service life is to manufacture a composite with a low-cost tough and ductile substrate cladded with a wear and corrosion resistant surface, as in the case of SDSS clads on an LCS substrate. These dissimilar metal composites (cladded systems) have been produced in the past using conventional manufacturing techniques such as welding 3-5 , diffusion bonding 6 , powder roll bonding 7 , hot rolling 8 , and reduction bonding 9. However, conventionally manufactured composites are often unfit for field use due to substandard clad-substrate bonding, often leading to clad delamination when subjected to operational stresses in the field. This substandard bond typically ...

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“…According to several previous works, the thermal ageing of DSSs and LDSSs at 475°C only affects the ferrite phase. 11,12,15,17,33 In this respect, it is well documented that the ferrite phase is noticeably hardened by ageing, whereas the hardness of the austenite is nearly unaffected. 11 Table 4 shows the Vickers microhardness values of ferrite and austenite phases of both LDSSs in the AR and AG conditions.…”

Section: Microstructure Observationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of 475°C embrittlement on the low cycle fatigue behaviour of lean duplex stainless steels

Strubbia

Sennour

Hereñú

2017

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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Lean duplex stainless steels (LDSSs) with lower nickel and molybdenum are less susceptible to suffer spinodal decomposition than standard duplex stainless steels. It is the purpose of this work to study the effect of thermal embrittlement on the low cycle fatigue behaviour of 2 LDSSs with different Creq and Nieq. The correlation between the fatigue behaviour and the dislocation structure is attempted. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the dislocation microstructure. Additionally, STEM‐EDS technique in conjunction with Vickers microhardness measurements was used to characterize the amplitude of the spinodal decomposition. The results show that the LDSS with lower Creq and Nieq values exhibits improved fatigue properties in the as received and aged conditions. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that with an adequate volume fraction of phases in LDSSs, the ageing treatment leads to an increase in strength without causing a great detriment in low cycle fatigue life.

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Effect of thermal aging at 475 °C on the properties of lean duplex stainless steel 2101

Cited by 54 publications

References 34 publications

Corrosion Assessment of ASME Qualified Welding Procedures for Grade 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel

Corrosion Assessment of ASME Qualified Welding Procedures for Grade 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel

Metallurgical and Electrochemical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Clads on Low Carbon Steel Substrate produced with Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Effect of 475°C embrittlement on the low cycle fatigue behaviour of lean duplex stainless steels

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