Effect of Turbulent-Flow Pasteurization on Survival of<i>Mycobacterium avium</i>subsp.<i>paratuberculosis</i>Added to Raw Milk

Pearce, L. E.; Truong, H. Tuan; Crawford, Robert; Yates, Gary; Cavaignac, Sonia M.; Lisle, Geoffrey W. de

doi:10.1128/aem.67.9.3964-3969.2001

Cited by 83 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These assumptions were based on the available quantitative data on direct shedding of Map in milk 6,7 [3,10,33,36], faecal contamination of milk [32], shedding of Map in faeces 8 [6,11,27,29,35], and the concentration of Map in bulk milk [15]. In the present study, the concentration of Map in bulk milk was approximated by the average of the concentration of Map in milk of 6 each dairy cow in the herd.…”

Section: Shedding Of Map In Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics

Weber

Nielen²,

Velthuis³

et al. 2008

Vet. Res.

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-A bulk milk quality assurance programme for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) in dairy herds was simulated with a stochastic simulation model (JohneSSim). The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological and economic effects of preventive management measures and various test schemes in a simulated population of closed Dutch dairy herds over a 20-year period. Herds were certified as 'low-Map bulk milk' if, with a certain probability, the concentration of Map in bulk milk did not exceed a maximum acceptable concentration of 10 3 Map organisms per litre (based on pasteurisation studies). The programme started with an initial assessment; test-negative herds entered a surveillance procedure and test-positive herds a control procedure. The simulations showed that herd examinations by ELISA for the initial assessment, surveillance and control procedures effectively ensure the quality of 'lowMap bulk milk': > 75% of simulated herds were certified and > 96% of certified herds produced bulk milk with < 10 3 Map/L if the initial herd-level prevalence was 30%. Preventive management measures only had a minor effect on bulk milk quality of certified herds. Culling based on biennial faecal culture was more effective than culling based on annual ELISA. Average total discounted costs for 20-year participation in a programme consisting of initial assessment by ELISA, surveillance by biennial ELISA and control by biennial faecal culture were e16 × 10 3 per herd.In conclusion, this study shows that a bulk milk quality assurance programme for closed Dutch dairy herds is feasible and provides information on the cost-effectiveness of different programmes. The concepts of this study equally apply to other countries because mechanisms of paratuberculosis infection, disease, and testing are comparable in other dairy cattle populations. dairy cattle / milk / paratuberculosis / stochastic simulation model / quality assurance programme

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Section: Shedding Of Map In Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics

Weber

Nielen²,

Velthuis³

et al. 2008

Vet. Res.

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“…In later studies, in vitro agent quantification methods were used to evaluate M. bovis and other mycobacteria (GRANT et al, 1996;HARRINGTON;KARLSON, 1965;KELLS;LEAR, 1960). In the past 20 years, studies have focused on Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (SUNG; COLLINS, 1998;GRANT et al, 1996;GRANT et al, 2005;MCDONALD et al, 2005;PAVLAS, 1990;PEARCE et al, 2001), which causes Johne's disease in cattle and is possibly associated with Crohn's disease in humans (RUDOLER, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay of Mycobacterium bovis in whole milk submitted to pasteurization parameters

Ribeiro

Narciso

Felipe

et al. 2016

SCA

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Parameters for milk pasteurization were established a long time ago, considering the thermal resistance of Mycobacterium bovis, and the systematic adoption of this process has drastically reduced the incidence of human tuberculosis caused by this pathogen. However, more recently, molecular methods have allowed the identification of genetic variations in this bacterium that may lead to greater thermal resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic variation leads to variation in the death pattern of this bacterium during the milk pasteurization process. Samples of UHT (ultrahigh temperature)-treated whole milk were artificially contaminated with four different Mycobacterium bovis spoligotypes and were subjected to pasteurization by low-temperature long-time (LTLT) and high-temperature short-time (HTST) treatments. The M. bovis spoligotypes were quantified (Colony Forming Unit per milliliter of milk) before and during the thermal process. The decay of the pathogen was quantified by calculating the difference between the measurements at the beginning and at the end of the thermal treatment. The data demonstrated that the LTLT and HTST pasteurization processes considerably reduced the M. bovis load in the milk; however, the bacterium was not eliminated. There was no difference in the thermal resistance of the spoligotypes tested or in the efficiency of pasteurization processes (LTLT versus HTST). However, heating phase was more effective in reducing the M. bovis load than the target temperature maintenance phase. Key words: Batch pasteurization. Bovine tuberculosis. Flow pasteurization. Mycobacterium bovis. Thermal death. ResumoOs parâmetros para a pasteurização do leite foram estabelecidos há muito tempo, considerando a resistência térmica de Mycobacterium bovis e a adoção sistemática deste processo reduziu drasticamente a incidência de tuberculose humana causada por este patógeno. Entretanto, mais recentemente, métodos moleculares permitiram a identificação de variações genéticas nesta bactéria que podem levar a uma maior resistência térmica. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se a variação genética apresenta modificação no padrão de morte da bactéria durante o processo de pasteurização do leite. Amostras de leite tratadas por UHT (ultra-alta temperatura) integral foram contaminadas com quatro diferentes espoligotipos de Mycobacterium bovis e foram submetidos ao tratamento por temperatura baixa e tempo longo (LTLT) e temperatura alta e tempo curto (HTST). Os espoligotipos M. bovis foram quantificados (Unidades Formadoras de colônias por mililitro de leite) antes e durante o processo térmico. A diminuição do patógeno foi quantificada através do cálculo da diferença entre as medições no início e no fim do tratamento térmico. Os dados demonstraram que os processos de pasteurização HTST e LTLT reduziram consideravelmente a carga de M. bovis no leite; no entanto, a bactéria não foi eliminada. Não houve diferença na resistência térmica dos espoligotipos testados nem na eficiência dos pr...

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“…Gdy mleko pasteryzowano w urządzeniach przemysłowych, w temp. ≥ 72 ºC przez ≥ 6 s, uzyskiwano zmniejszenie liczby Map do poziomu < 1 jtk/40 ml, przy początkowej ich liczbie ≤ 5 log jtk/ml [22,25,26]. W innych badaniach, w podobnych warunkach doświad-czalnych, w niektórych próbkach mleka pasteryzowanego wykrywano żywe komórki Map [11,16,23].…”

Section: Skuteczność Różnych Wariantów Obróbki Cieplnej Mleka Wobec Mapunclassified

“…65 ÷ 70 ºC stosowana czasami podczas produkcji serów (tzw. subpasteryzacja lub termizacja) nie jest wystarczająca do całko-witego zniszczenia Map [8,23,25,26,29].…”

Section: Skuteczność Różnych Wariantów Obróbki Cieplnej Mleka Wobec Mapunclassified

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Thermal Resistance of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis

Berthold-Pluta

Pluta

Olkowski

et al. 2015

zntj

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CIEPŁOOPORNOŚĆ MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSP. PARATUBERCULOSISS t r e s z c z e n i e W latach 90. XX w. ukazały się pierwsze publikacje wskazujące, że Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) są bardziej ciepłooporne niż M. bovis i przeżywają pasteryzację mleka HTST. Od tego czasu ukazało się wiele prac potwierdzających obecność Map w produktach mlecznych. Obecność żywych komórek tych drobnoustrojów stwierdzono w próbkach rynkowego mleka pasteryzowanego, a także w serach. Badania nad ciepłoopornością Map są niełatwe ze względu na uciążliwość hodowli, a porównanie i interpretacja danych literaturowych z tego zakresu są utrudnione z uwagi na różnice w stosowanych metodach eksperymentalnych. W badaniach przeprowadzanych z użyciem mleka ogrzewanego w probówkach, kapilarach lub w pasteryzatorach laboratoryjnych wykazano, że pasteryzacja w temp. 63 ºC/30 min, jak i HTST zmniejszają liczbę Map o 4 -7 rzędów logarytmicznych. Rozbieżne wyniki otrzymywano w doświadczeniach prowadzonych w warunkach pasteryzacji przemysłowej. Istnieje kilka hipotez oporności cieplnej Map w mleku, m.in. tworzenie skupisk komórek, adaptacja fizjologiczna prowadząca do nabycia ciepłooporności oraz fizykochemiczne zmiany we wnętrzu komórki.Słowa kluczowe: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, obróbka cieplna, pasteryzacja, HTST Wprowadzenie Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) jako pierwsi wyizolowali Johne i Frottingham w 1895 r. w badaniach przyczyn przewlekłej biegunki u bydła, nazwanej chorobą Johnego. Uważa się za prawdopodobne, że drobnoustroje te odpowiadają także za przewlekły stan zapalny przewodu pokarmowego człowieka (chorobę Crohna). Cechą charakterystyczną Map jest szczególna budowa 3-warstwowej ściany komórkowej złożonej w 30 ÷ 40 % z lipidów, dzięki której drobnoustroje te są oporne dr hab. A. Pluta, prof. SGGW, mgr inż. M. Olkowski, inż. A. Ostrowska, Katedra Biotechnologii, Mikrobiologii i Oceny Żywności, Wydz. Nauk o Żywności, Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, ul. Nowoursynowska 159C,

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Effect of Turbulent-Flow Pasteurization on Survival ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisAdded to Raw Milk

Cited by 83 publications

References 22 publications

Milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics

Milk quality assurance for paratuberculosis: simulation of within-herd infection dynamics and economics

Decay of Mycobacterium bovis in whole milk submitted to pasteurization parameters

Thermal Resistance of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis

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