Effect of volatile fatty acids on adipocyte differentiation in bovine dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells in vitro

Abstract

Here, we established dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells from mature bovine adipocytes and then examined the effects of volatile fatty acids on the differentiation of these DFAT cells into adipocytes in vitro. When mature adipocytes were isolated from bovine adipose tissue and cultured using the ceiling culture method, they were dedifferentiated into fibroblast‐like cells without lipid droplets. These fibroblast‐like cells, termed bovine DFAT (b‐DFAT) cells, actively proliferated. After adipogenic induction, increased expression of adipocyte‐specific genes occurred in b‐DFAT cells and they redifferentiated into adipocytes with an accumulation of lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. The effects of volatile fatty acids on adipocyte differentiation in b‐DFAT cells were also examined. Specifically, acetate, butyrate, and propionate added to adipogenic induction medium significantly enhanced the adipogenesis of b‐DFAT cells compared with that observed in control cells; the addition of 10−3 mol of acetate enhanced adipogenesis of b‐DFAT cells to the greatest extent. These results suggest that b‐DFAT cells derived from bovine mature adipocytes are appropriate for the study of bovine adipocyte differentiation and that the optimum concentration treatment of acetate, a major energy source for ruminants, promotes adipogenesis of b‐DFAT cells in vitro.

Using Vertebrate Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cellular Agriculture, State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

“…In this regard, extensive work is being done to overcome the given limitation. For instance, treatment with optimal acetate concentrations has been shown to promote bovine DFAT cells' adipogenesis, i.e., lipid accumulation [117]. Mechanical stimuli have also been implicated in the process of DFAT generation i.e., dedifferentiation of MAs, which is discussed in more detail in the Section 3.2.1 Physical cues.…”

“…Rainbow trout [50] Common carp [51] Atlantic salmon [133] Channel catfish [134] Gilthead sea bream [52,135] Danioninae [52] Goldfish [53] Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells Mammalian DFAT Cow [117,136]; Pig [115]…”