Effect of ZrO2 nanoparticles on phosphoric acid-doped poly (Ethylene imine)/Polyvinyl alcohol) membrane for medium-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications

Poongan, A.; Kesava, Munusamy; Mandal, A.B.; Murugan, Eagambaram

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.03.418

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…zirconia-silica incorporated Nafion membrane showed a performance of 610 mW cm −1 at 120 °C, 50% RH [102]. Incorporating 5 wt% of Zr 2 O into a phosphoric acid doped polyethylene imine and polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite resulted in an ion-exchange capacity of 2.94 mmol/g −1 and proton conductivity of 4.34 10 −2 S/cm −1 [103].…”

Section: Metal Oxide-polymer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

Jalali,

Seyedghayem,

Hooriabad Saboor

et al. 2023

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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The application of organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes allows for a synergy between the desirable thermal and mechanical properties of inorganic materials with the reactivity, dielectric properties, durability, flexibility, and processability of the polymeric materials. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) suffer from some problems including water content management, carbon monoxide poisoning, hydrogen reformate, and fuel crossover through the membrane. Herein, specific solutions have been proposed to the above-mentioned problems using organ-inorganic nanocomposites. These solutions include doping proton conductive inorganic nano-particles in the proton exchange membrane, preparing nanocomposites via the sol-gel method, covalence bond of inorganic compounds with the polymer structure, and acid-based proton exchange nanocomposite membranes. Furthermore, hydrogen production with low carbon monoxide content using the ethanol steam reforming method, as well as the effect of CO in the hydrogen feed of PEMFC are explained and discussed. Finally, desirable conditions for achieving the maximum power density in exchange membrane cells (EMFCs) are discussed.

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Section: Metal Oxide-polymer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

Jalali,

Seyedghayem,

Hooriabad Saboor

et al. 2023

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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“…This was attributed to the high WU of the membrane at a higher DS value. The addition of hydrophilic nanoadditives to the polymer matrix is another useful method to boost proton conductivity while maintaining sufficient durability of the PEM performance, which tends to decline at high DS levels . Therefore, the fabrication of a nanocomposite membrane by incorporating nanofillers into the SPEEK polymer matrix can stop the trade-off between SPEEK membrane performance and degradation .…”

Section: Factors Affecting Speek Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of hydrophilic nanoadditives to the polymer matrix is another useful method to boost proton conductivity while maintaining sufficient durability of the PEM performance, which tends to decline at high DS levels. 149 Therefore, the fabrication of a nanocomposite membrane by incorporating nanofillers into the SPEEK polymer matrix can stop the trade-off between SPEEK membrane performance and degradation. 150 For example, Park et al 151 added a modified porous poly-(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) substrates such as HQ/ALE/ PEI−PTFE as a nanoadditive into the SPEEK polymer matrix and fabricated the HQ/ALE/PEI−PTFE@SPEEK composite membrane.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Speek Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of the Advancement Approach and Strategy in SPEEK-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application

Kamal,

Jaafar,

Khan

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Due to rising energy demand and global warming, the world is shifting from nonrenewable energy to renewable sources, such as fuel cells (FCs), due to their high energy conversion efficiency and environmental friendliness. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an environmentally friendly and efficient FC. It converts the chemical energy stored in hydrogen fuel into electrical energy. A polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) is a core element of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). It transfers a proton from the anode to cathode, restricts electron flow across the membrane surface, and prevents reactant mixing. Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)-based membranes are effective PEMs as compared to commonly used Nafion membranes due to their excellent chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability as well as cost-effectiveness. However, it suffers from poor proton conductivity. Normally, the proton conductivity of SPEEK can be improved by enhancing the degree of sulfonation (DS) and temperature and reducing the relative humidity (RH). However, the high DS of SPEEK and temperature with low RH tend to reduce the mechanical strength of PEM, which consequently sacrifices the membrane's lifetime. Therefore, the design of efficient SPEEK PEMs requires further modifications to improve the proton conductivity and strength, which can simultaneously enhance single-cell performance and durability. Therefore, this article reviews the advancements and various strategies to achieve high-performance and long-lived SPEEK-based PEMs. First, the tuning of SPEEK was performed by varying the DS of SPEEK. Second, the progress of modifying SPEEK with inorganic nano additives and metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) was also discussed comprehensively. The review also summarizes the influence of electrically and magnetically aligned nanoparticles on FC performance and membrane durability. Thus, the present review paper can be used as a reference for controlling different parameters to develop both efficient and durable SPEEK-based PEMs that can potentially compete with Nafion-based membranes for FC applications.

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“…The presence of the SO 3 H group significantly impacts various physicochemical properties of the membrane. Additionally, the free volume structure plays a crucial role, influencing properties by altering the free volume and providing extra pathways for ion transport, thereby directly affecting ionic conductivity 3,4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the electric field on the free volume investigated from positron annihilation lifetime and dielectric properties of sulfonated PVC/PMMA

Elsharkawy,

Mohammed

2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) play a vital role in electrochemical devices, facilitating ion conduction while blocking gases and electrons. Their effectiveness is closely linked to their microstructural properties, especially the free volume, which impacts ionic conductivity, mechanical strength, and overall device performance. This study examines the behavior of PVC/PMMA/SSA blends under electric fields, using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) to assess free volume and dielectric properties. The study involved preparing and characterizing membranes through x‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and PALS. XRD results indicated semi‐crystalline structures with changes in intensity due to temperature variations, while TGA highlighted changes in thermal stability under different electric fields. PALS measurements showed that free volume varied with temperature and electric field strength, influencing the material's dielectric and mechanical characteristics. The results revealed that higher electric fields reduced free volume while enhancing dielectric properties. The dielectric constant and loss were found to depend on frequency, which was affected by the polar SO3H groups. Impedance spectroscopy provided further insights into the electrical properties, showing increased dc conductivity with stronger electric fields. A correlation between the free volume investigated from PAL and the electrical properties was observed. This study emphasizes the significance of free volume and external electric field in optimizing PEMs for advanced energy applications.

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Effect of ZrO2 nanoparticles on phosphoric acid-doped poly (Ethylene imine)/Polyvinyl alcohol) membrane for medium-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

A Critical Review of the Advancement Approach and Strategy in SPEEK-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application

Effect of the electric field on the free volume investigated from positron annihilation lifetime and dielectric properties of sulfonated PVC/PMMA

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