Effective chimeric antigen receptor T cells against SARS-CoV-2

Guo, Xueyang; Kazanova, Alexandra; Thurmond, Stephanie; Saragovi, H. Uri; Rudd, Christopher E.

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.103295

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“… 125 However a recent study that demonstrated the CAR-T technique as a feasible approach against COVID-19 applied the injection of a combination of 2×106NIH/3T3-S1 cells and 4×106 CR3014-28Z/ CR3022-28Z CAR-T cells into NOD-SCID IL2Rγ mice via the intraperitoneal route to conclude that CAR-T cells are able to eradicate the S1 expressing cells in vivo in mice. 126 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy and CRISPR Cas Systems: Potential Cure of COVID-19?

Zeng

2022

DDDT

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The COVID-19 has plunged the world into a pandemic that affected millions. The continually emerging new variants of concern raise the question as to whether the existing vaccines will continue to provide sufficient protection for individuals from SARS-CoV-2 during natural infection. This narrative review aims to briefly outline various immunotherapeutic options and discuss the potential of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR Cas system technology against COVID-19 treatment as specific cure. As the development of vaccine, convalescent plasma, neutralizing antibodies are based on the understanding of human immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, boosting human body immune responses in case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, immunotherapeutics seem feasible as specific cure against COVID-19 if the present challenges are overcome. In cell based therapeutics, apart from the high costs, risks and side effects, there are technical problems such as the production of sufficient potent immune cells and antibodies under limited time to treat the COVID-19 patients in mild conditions prior to progression into a more severe case. The CRISPR Cas technology could be utilized to refine the specificity and safety of CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 during various stages of the COVID-19 disease progression in infected individuals. Moreover, CRISPR Cas technology are proposed in hypotheses to degrade the viral RNA in order to terminate the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thus personalized cocktails of immunotherapeutics and CRISPR Cas systems against COVID-19 as a strategy might prevent further disease progression and circumvent immunity escape.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy and CRISPR Cas Systems: Potential Cure of COVID-19?

Zeng

2022

DDDT

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“…Since its appearance in 2019, the infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has concentrated the interest of the scientific community. In addition to vac-cine development, approaches involving CARs redirected against this virus have been developed [72]. Second-generation CAR-T against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 promotes cell activation and killing activity both in vitro and in vivo in a mouse infection model [72] (Fig.…”

Section: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimeric antigen receptor–based therapies beyond cancer

et al. 2023

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Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapies have gained renewed interest in the field of immunotherapy following the advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology. This immunological breakthrough requires immune cell engineering with an artificial surface protein receptor for antigen‐specific recognition coupled to an intracellular protein domain for cell activating functions. CAR‐based ACT has successfully solved some hematological malignancies, and it is expected that other tumors may soon benefit from this approach. However, the potential of CAR technology is such that other immune‐mediated disorders are beginning to profit from it. This review will focus on CAR‐based ACT therapeutic areas other than oncology such as infection, allergy, autoimmunity, transplantation, and fibrotic repair. Herein, we discuss the results and limitations of preclinical and clinical studies in that regard.

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“…Parallel to vaccine and drug development, many groups are investigating the use of immunotherapies against COVID-19, as the immune system was shown to be severely dysregulated in severe disease. Guo et al ( 92 ) developed CAR T cells targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor. They showed that these cells could secrete IFN-γ, and upregulate CD69, granzyme B, and perforin in co-culture with HEK293 cells expressing the spike receptor binding domain.…”

Section: Car T Cells Beyond Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

CAR T Cell Immunotherapy Beyond Haematological Malignancy

et al. 2022

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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, which express a synthetic receptor engineered to target specific antigens, have demonstrated remarkable potential to treat haematological malignancies. However, their transition beyond haematological malignancy has so far been unsatisfactory. Here, we discuss recent challenges and improvements for CAR T cell therapy against solid tumors: Antigen heterogeneity which provides an effective escape mechanism against conventional mono-antigen-specific CAR T cells; and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment which provides physical and molecular barriers that respectively prevent T cell infiltration and drive T cell dysfunction and hypoproliferation. Further, we discuss the application of CAR T cells in infectious disease and autoimmunity.

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Effective chimeric antigen receptor T cells against SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 17 publications

References 91 publications

Immunotherapy and CRISPR Cas Systems: Potential Cure of COVID-19?

Immunotherapy and CRISPR Cas Systems: Potential Cure of COVID-19?

Chimeric antigen receptor–based therapies beyond cancer

CAR T Cell Immunotherapy Beyond Haematological Malignancy

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