Effective reinforcements for thermoplastics based on carbon nanotubes of oil fly ash

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely investigated for preparing polymer nanocomposites, owing to their unique mechanical properties. However, dispersing CNTs uniformly in a polymer matrix and controlling their entanglement/agglomeration are still big technical challenges to be overcome. The costs of their raw materials and production are also still high. In this work, we propose the use of CNTs grown on oil fly ash to solve these issues. The CNTs of oil fly ash were evaluated as reinforcing materials for some common thermoplastics. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was mainly reinforced with various weight fractions of CNTs. Xylene was used as a solvent to dissolve HDPE and to uniformly disperse the CNTs. Significantly enhanced mechanical properties of HDPE reinforced at a low weight fraction of these CNTs (1–2 wt.%), mainly the tensile strength, Young’s modulus, stiffness, and hardness, were observed. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus were enhanced by ~20 and 38%, respectively. Moreover, the nanoindentation results were found to be in support to these findings. Polycarbonate, polypropylene, and polystyrene were also preliminarily evaluated after reinforcement with 1 wt.% CNTs. The tensile strength and Young’s Modulus were increased after reinforcement with CNTs. These results demonstrate that the CNTs of the solid waste, oil fly ash, might serve as an appropriate reinforcing material for different thermoplastics polymers.

Structure and Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Glassy Carbon

“…The glassy carbon and carbon nanotubes give similar increases in tensile strength (around 30%), while the addition of graphene results in a 50% improvement in tensile strength. Such increases in material strength were reported previously by others [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. The increase in hardness is also visible ( Figure 4 ).…”

Characterization, Processing, and Application of Heavy Fuel Oil Ash, an Industrial Waste Material – A Review

“…HFOA has also been used as a composite material in thermoplastics, [109] and CNTs synthesized from HFOA have been used as a reinforcing material in polymer nanocomposites [97] . These CNTs were applied in various quantities to reinforce high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer, and xylene was used to dissolve HDPE and disperse the CNTs uniformly.…”

Carbon Nanotube Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Materials for Offshore Sheathing Applications

“…Incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ] and other polymers [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] has been widely explored and appreciated. CNTs were discovered in 1991 [ 14 ] as one of the by-products of fullerene synthesis.…”