Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Sun Protection Program for Young Children

Ho, Bernard; Reidy, Katie; Huerta, I.; Dilley, Kimberley; Crawford, Susan; Hultgren, Brittney A.; Mallett, Kimberly A.; Turrisi, Rob; Robinson, June K.

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.4373

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Although the value of written educational material at schools has been debated in the literature [28][29][30], the use of the Play and Learn with Jo Spots book over the eightyear period may have contributed to the positive results observed. The educational sessions held with the teachers each spring are also important as they equip teachers with the knowledge they need to convey the relevant information to their students and help bring about changes in school practices and infrastructure (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sun protection in children: a behavioural study

Duarte

Picoto

Costa‐Pereira

et al. 2018

European Journal of Dermatology

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Sun protection in children: a behavioural studyBackground: Incidence of skin cancer is increasing worldwide and UV exposure at a young age is an important risk factor. Objectives: To compare sun exposure-related knowledge and behaviour among children during school and holiday periods. Material & Methods: A crosssectional study was undertaken at 12 Oporto public primary schools. Educational sessions for educators were head by dermatologists every spring from 2004 to 2012. An educational activity book, Play and Learn with Jo Spots, was distributed to all primary school children and was explained by the educators every year. A questionnaire about sun exposure and behaviour was given to students in 2004 and 2012. Results: In total, 2,114 students answered the questionnaire (1,233 in 2004 and 881 in 2012). Children practiced more outdoor sports in 2012 than in 2004 (86% vs 56%; p<0.001), but spent less time outside when the sun's rays were most dangerous. The use of hats (64% vs 59%; p = 0.028) and sunscreen (35% vs 15%; p<0.001) at school and the application of sunscreen before going to the beach improved over time (51% vs 26% in 2004; p<0.001). However, there was an increase in sunburn rate (43% vs 37%; p = 0.005). Conclusion: Sun exposure-related behaviour among primary school students in Oporto is improving but is still far from optimal. School would appear to be an adequate setting for effective and long-lasting sun protection interventions, and the introduction of educational books at schools, such as Play and Learn with Jo Spots, might be effective in bringing about positive behavioural changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sun protection in children: a behavioural study

Duarte

Picoto

Costa‐Pereira

et al. 2018

European Journal of Dermatology

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“…There are no reported skin cancer interventions using texting reminders for underserved communities. However, a recent multicomponent intervention using text message reminders delivered to caregivers was associated with increased sun-protective behaviors in children, 20 showing promise for mobile technology in prevention efforts. Successful public health interventions in other medical specialties should be further examined for their applicability to preventing skin cancer in underserved populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the Need for Skin Cancer Prevention Education in Uninsured, Minority, and Immigrant Communities

Jacobsen

Galván²,

Lachapelle³

et al. 2016

JAMA Dermatol

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IMPORTANCE As the minority population increases in the United States, the incidence of skin cancer has important public health consequences, including poor skin cancer outcomes, in part because of late-stage diagnosis. Therefore, it is important to identify obstacles in skin cancer prevention in these communities. OBJECTIVE To characterize skin cancer prevention and education needs in uninsured, minority, and immigrant communities in South Florida. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS At a large free medical clinic in Florida, a convenience sample of people completed a 23-question survey in English, Spanish, or Haitian Creole assessing their skin cancer risk perception, knowledge, sun protective behaviors and barriers, and desirable outreach methods. All participants were uninsured and living at least 200% below the federal poverty level. Participants were adults recruited from the general waiting room who understood 1 of the 3 languages and were not present for a scheduled dermatology visit. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The survey used Likert-type scales, true or false, and yes or no questions. Data were analyzed with SPSS IBM statistical software (version 22) using 1-way analysis of variance, χ 2 tests, and Pearson correlations. RESULTS Among the 219 people invited, 206 participants (mean [SD] age, 43 [13.2] years) completed the survey; 75% of respondents were women who usually worked indoors. Almost a quarter (49 [24.5%) had never heard of skin cancer or melanoma. Nearly half (89 [44.3%]) had never conducted a self-skin examination. One in 5 (41 [20.7%]) believed that people with dark skin cannot get skin cancer. Three quarters (156 [75.7%]) of respondents fell into the "low/inconsistent" sun protective behavior category. Barriers to sun-protective behaviors were "using sun protection is too hot" (75 participants [39.3%]) and "I forget." (72 [37.7%]). More than 85% (175 [87.9%]) wanted to learn more about how to prevent skin cancer. Watching a video (37.3%) and text messaging (30.8%) were identified as the most popular outreach methods. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Important barriers to skin cancer prevention were lack of knowledge, the belief that dark skin was protective, and using sun protection made them feel too hot. Skin cancer education and intervention efforts in uninsured, minority, immigrant populations may be provided by videos and text messaging.

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“…Multicomponent interventions incorporating printed materials, interactive multimedia, and distribution of sun-protective products and community-wide and school-based prevention programs have been shown to increase adherence to clothing and sunscreen recommendations. 66 – 68 For example, the SunWise Program developed by the Environmental Protection Agency to educate elementary and middle school-aged children about sun-safety habits is estimated to have prevented >11,000 cases of skin cancer and 50 premature deaths by 2015. 69…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric melanoma: incidence, treatment, and prognosis

Saiyed¹,

Hamilton²,

Austin

2017

PHMT

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The purpose of this review is to outline recent advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pediatric melanoma. Despite the recent decline in incidence, it continues to be the deadliest form of skin cancer in children and adolescents. Pediatric melanoma presents differently from adult melanoma; thus, the traditional asymmetry, border irregularity, color variegation, diameter >6 mm, and evolution (ABCDE) criteria have been modified to include features unique to pediatric melanoma (amelanotic, bleeding/bump, color uniformity, de novo/any diameter, evolution of mole). Surgical and medical management of pediatric melanoma continues to derive guidelines from adult melanoma treatment. However, more drug trials are being conducted to determine the specific impact of drug combinations on pediatric patients. Alongside medical and surgical treatment, prevention is a central component of battling the incidence, as ultraviolet (UV)-related mutations play a central role in the vast majority of pediatric melanoma cases. Aggressive prevention measures targeting sun safety and tanning bed usage have shown positive sun-safety behavior trends, as well as the potential to decrease melanomas that manifest later in life. As research into the field of pediatric melanoma continues to expand, a prevention paradigm needs to continue on a community-wide level.

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Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Sun Protection Program for Young Children

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Sun protection in children: a behavioural study

Sun protection in children: a behavioural study

Defining the Need for Skin Cancer Prevention Education in Uninsured, Minority, and Immigrant Communities

Pediatric melanoma: incidence, treatment, and prognosis

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