Effectiveness of Immunostimulation for Postoperative Intra-Abdominary Adhesion in an Experimental Rat Model

Abstract

Purpose of the Study: To analyze the effectiveness of using sodium deoxyribonucleate (SDN) for pelvic adhesions in rats in experiment. Materials and Methods: The experiment was carried out on 90 laboratory rats. Three groups of 30 animals each were formed: group 1 – control; group 2 – rats with a simulated adhesive process in the pelvis without subsequent treatment; group 3 – animals with a model of adhesive process in the pelvis receiving intramuscular SDN for 10 days. The adhesive process in the pelvis was modeled in rats by ligating the uterine horns on both sides. The expression of CD4, CD8, CD20, CD138 was studied using DP-SOFT software program and subsequent statistical processing. Results: In animals of the control group, a small number of cells with expression of CD4+, CD8+ and CD138 markers were found in the parietal peritoneum (PP). In perimetrium (PM), no positively stained cells of the studied immunophenotype were found. In group 2, animals showed an increase in the number of cells in the PP positively expressing CD4+ and CD138+, and the appearance of CD56+ cells. An increase in the number of CD138+ and CD4+ cells was found in the rats’ PM. In group 3, compared to the control, the count of CD4+ cells, CD56+ cells and CD138+ cells significantly increased. In the PM of the operated animals, we found an increase in the number of cells positively expressing CD4+ and CD138+, and the appearance of CD56+ cells. In the PM of rats, an increase in the number of CD138+ and CD4+ cells was noted, which indicates activation of the humoral immune system. In group 3, the count of CD4+, CD56+ and CD138+ – cells in the PP significantly increased compared to the control. PM was characterized by a similar distribution of cells. Conclusion: After surgery, the adhesive process causes a change in the ratio of leukocyte subpopulations in the affected area towards an increase in their number in the parietal peritoneum rather than in the perimetrium. The use of SDN has an immunomodulatory effect and stimulates immune responses by increasing the number of immunocompetent cells in the surgical site.