Effects of adaptive exercise on apoptosis in cells of rat renal tubuli

Abstract

Regular exercise is known to improve physiological and functional capacity of many organs due to adaptive processes. We have previously shown that acute exercise in untrained rats results in apoptosis of renal tubular cells and that the apoptotic process seems to be associated with stimulation of angiotensin II, AT1 and AT2 receptors. In this study, we examined the influence of regular training on apoptosis and the role of angiotensin II receptors and antioxidant enzymes in mediating the adaptive response in renal tubular cells. We measured apoptosis, expression of AT1 and AT2 receptors, level of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and activities of antioxidant enzymes, SOD, GPx and CAT in kidneys of sedentary rats that were exposed to acute exercise and rats that were trained for 8 weeks. In untrained animals, the acute exercise resulted in increased apoptosis and increased expression of AT1 and AT2 receptors in renal tubular cells, while in the rats exposed to the 8-week regular training, there were no changes in apoptosis nor AT1 and AT2 receptor expression as compared to the sedentary animals. The TBARS levels were significantly increased in acutely exercised rats, while in rats pre-exposed to the training they remained unchanged. The acute exercise, as well as regular training, did not change SOD, CAT or GPx activities. These findings suggested that the acute exercise-induced apoptosis in renal tubules could involve action of AT1 and AT2 receptors as well as oxidative stress, while the regular training was shown to prevent apoptosis in renal tubular cells via modulated expression of AT1 and AT2 receptors.

Prolonged exposure to inhaled nitric oxide transiently modifies tubular function in healthy piglets and promotes tubular apoptosis

“…The presence of apoptosis was confirmed by using two different methods, TUNEL and immunohistochemical expression of caspase‐3. A similar renal tubular apoptosis of the same type of renal cells was described by Podhorska‐Okolow et al. (2007).…”

The Impact of Exercise Training on Breast Cancer

“…Most attention is paid to the imbalance between the processes of proliferation and apoptosis, which is affected by the frequency, duration and intensity of physical exercise. Research is continued to identify specific repetitive relationships that could be applied in the prophylaxis and in supportive therapy in cancer patients (44)(45)(46).…”

Influence of Angiotensin II on cell viability and apoptosis in rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cells in in vitro studies

“…12 Also, Podhorska-Okołów et al showed the effect of oxidative stress on cell apoptosis in renal tubules of rats subjected to intense physical activity. 13 On the other hand, the group of Qin showed that AT 1 receptor blockade decreases cell damage by inhibiting NADPH oxidase pathway. 14 The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of Ang II on rat renal proximal tubular cells, as well as potential involvement of AT 1 and AT 2 receptors in apoptotic lesions of these cells in in vitro model.…”

“… 12 Also, Podhorska-Okołów et al showed the effect of oxidative stress on cell apoptosis in renal tubules of rats subjected to intense physical activity. 13 On the other hand, the group of Qin showed that AT 1 receptor blockade decreases cell damage by inhibiting NADPH oxidase pathway. 14 …”