Effects of adding urea on fermentation quality of pruned persimmon branch silage and its digestibility, preference, nitrogen balance and rumen fermentation in beef cattle

Self Cite

We measured the growth performance and meat quality of 10 crossbred (Yorkshire × Duroc × Landrace) neutered male pigs to evaluate the effects of apple pomace-mixed silage (APMS). The pigs were divided into two groups and were respectively fed the control feed and the AMPS ad libitum during the experiment. No difference was found in the finished body weight, average daily gain, carcass weight, back fat thickness or dressing ratio between the control and the AMPS treatments, but average dairy feed intake (dry matter) was significantly lower and feed efficiency was significantly higher using the APMS treatment (P < 0.05). With regard to meat quality, the APMS increased the moisture content but decreased the water holding capacity (P < 0.05) compared with the control treatment. Furthermore, the APMS affected the fatty acid composition of the back fat by increasing linoleic acid (C18:2n6), linolenic acid (C18:3) and arachidic acid (C20:0) levels, while decreasing palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and heptadecenoic acid (C17:1) levels, compared with the control treatment. These results indicate that feeding fermented apple pomace to finishing pigs increases the feed efficiency and affects the meat quality and fatty acid composition of back fat.

“…The organic acid levels of the APMS were determined by the method of Cao et al . () and the ethanol content of the APMS was determined using the method of Xu et al . ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of apple pomace‐mixed silage on growth performance and meat quality in finishing pigs

Fang

Yang

Matsuzaki

et al. 2016

Self Cite

“…For free choice, two types of TMR silage were placed in a special feed container separated symmetrically and delivered ad libitum simultaneously to hungry cows for 15 min twice daily (Cao et al 2014) at 09.00 and 16.00 hours in opposite arrangements of left and right. For free choice, two types of TMR silage were placed in a special feed container separated symmetrically and delivered ad libitum simultaneously to hungry cows for 15 min twice daily (Cao et al 2014) at 09.00 and 16.00 hours in opposite arrangements of left and right.…”

Section: Preference Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preferences for the TMR silages were assessed using the same four Japanese black beef cows after the digestion trials. For free choice, two types of TMR silage were placed in a special feed container separated symmetrically and delivered ad libitum simultaneously to hungry cows for 15 min twice daily (Cao et al 2014) at 09.00 and 16.00 hours in opposite arrangements of left and right. The refusals were weighed after 15 min and intake quantities were calculated.…”

Section: Preference Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of apple pomace proportion levels on the fermentation quality of total mixed ration silage and its digestibility, preference and ruminal fermentation in beef cows

Fang

Yang

Matsuzaki

et al. 2015

Self Cite

Four Japanese black beef cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square to evaluate the fermentation quality, digestibility, ruminal fermentation and preference of total mixed ration (TMR) silages prepared with differing proportions of apple pomace (AP). Experimental treatments were the control (no AP added, CAP), 5% (low, LAP), 10% (medium, MAP) and 20% (high, HAP) of TMR dry matter (DM) as AP. All TMR silages were well preserved. Ethanol was produced in silages containing AP and the amount increased with the proportion of AP (P < 0.05). Nutrient digestibility with LAP, MAP and HAP treatment was lower than that with CAP treatment (P < 0.05). The ruminal molar proportion of acetic acid increased (P < 0.05), but the ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased (P < 0.05) as the proportion of AP increased. The preference of the animals was highest for HAP, followed by MAP, CAP and LAP. This study demonstrates that decrease in nutrient digestibility might be related to the ethanol produced naturally from AP. Therefore, the proportion of AP in TMR silages should be less than 5% of dietary DM.

“…Because of the poor nutritional value of wilted rice straw, various categories of silage additives, stimulants and nutrients have been tested in previous studies, such as urea (Cao et al . ) and minerals. There is potential to use molasses as an additive, as it can supply LAB with fermentation substrates, improve the carbohydrate or organic acid content in the fermentation process, and it is easily available as an industrial waste product (Wanapat et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of lactic acid bacterial starter culture and chemical additives on wilted rice straw silage

Wang

Shi

Huang

et al. 2015

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are suitable for rice straw silage fermentation, but have been studied rarely, and rice straw as raw material for ensiling is difficult because of its disadvantages, such as low nutrition for microbial activities and low abundances of natural populations of LAB. So we investigated the effect of application of LAB and chemical additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of wilted rice straw silage. Treatment with chemical additives increased the concentrations of crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), acetic acid and lactic acid, reduced the concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but did not effectively inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms. Inoculation with LABs did not improve the nutritional value of the silage because of poor growth of LABs in wilted rice straw. Inoculation with LAB and addition of chemical materials improved the quality of silage similar to the effects of addition of chemical materials alone. Growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria was inhibited by this mixed treatment and the LAB gradually dominated the microbial community. In summary, the fermentation quality of wilted rice straw silage had improved by addition of LAB and chemical materials.