Effects of alkaline elements on the metal transfer behavior in metal cored arc welding

Trinh, Ngoc Quang; Tashiro, Shinichi; Tanaka, Keigo; Suga, Tetsuo; Kakizaki, Tomonori; Yamazaki, Kei; Morimoto, Tomozaku; Shimizu, Hiroyuki; Lersvanichkool, Ackadech; Murphy, Anthony B.; Bui, Hanh Van; Tanaka, Manabu

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.06.061

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…They stated that the transfer frequency of the solid wire is much lower than that of the metal-cored wires, and the frequency increased with flux ratio and welding current. In addition, the effect of alkaline element proportion on metal transfer under MAG shielding gas was reported by Trinh et al [19]. The result implied that an alkaline element could improve droplet detachment by forming an additional current path, bypassing the droplet to enhance the electromagnetic force to detach the droplet and reduce the arc pressure beneath the droplet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…As described above, the wire structure and the addition of an alkali element are considered to be two dominant factors to govern the metal transfer process in MCAW. However, the previous works [19,20] could not individually evaluate the effect of wire structure and alkaline elements. In this study, for the first time, the individual influences of wire structure and alkaline elements in metal-cored wire on the metal transfer behavior were evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual Effects of Alkali Element and Wire Structure on Metal Transfer Process in Argon Metal-Cored Arc Welding

et al. 2023

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This study aimed to clarify the effect of wire structure and alkaline elements in wire composition on metal transfer behavior in metal-cored arc welding (MCAW). A comparison of metal transfer in pure argon gas was carried out using a solid wire (wire 1), a metal-cored wire without an alkaline element (wire 2), and another metal-cored wire with 0.084 mass% of sodium (wire 3). The experiments were conducted under 280 and 320 A welding currents, observed by high-speed imaging techniques equipped with laser assistance and bandpass filters. At 280 A, wire 1 showed a streaming transfer mode, while the others showed a projected one. When the current was 320 A, the metal transfer of wire 2 changed to streaming, while wire 3 remained projected. As sodium has a lower ionization energy than iron, the mixing of sodium vapor into the iron plasma increases its electrical conductivity, raising the proportion of current flowing through metal vapor plasma. As a result, the current flows to the upper region of the molten metal on the wire tip, with the resulting electromagnetic force causing droplet detachment. Consequently, the metal transfer mode in wire 3 remained projected. Furthermore, weld bead formation is the best for wire 3.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Effects of Alkali Element and Wire Structure on Metal Transfer Process in Argon Metal-Cored Arc Welding

et al. 2023

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“…These materials have low ionization potential in the sense that they are easily ionized in the arc and act as effective charge carriers enabling adequate arc ignition and reignition characteristics [28]. A more stable arc would imply low fume levels.…”

Section: Fume Formation Rate and Breathing Zone Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on mass concentration and morphology of SMAW fume particles with a new covered electrode using nano-CaTiO3 as an arc stabilizer

Rahul

Sivapirakasam

Mohan

et al. 2022

Journal of Manufacturing Processes

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“…Valensi et al [15] reported that when using an Ar-CO 2 shielding gas with a CO 2 content of up to 60 vol% at 330 A, the presence of alkaline elements stabilizes the spray arc. Trinh et al [16] observed that the addition of only a small amount of sodium can significantly increase the metal transfer frequency by reducing the arc pressure and enhancing the electromagnetic force acting on the neck of the molten droplet at the wire tip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Flux Ratio on Droplet Transfer Behavior in Metal-Cored Arc Welding

Trinh

Tashiro

Suga

et al. 2022

Metals

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The effect of flux ratio on metal transfer behavior during metal-cored arc welding was elucidated through investigation using a standard solid wire and three metal-cored wires with flux mass ratios of (2-2) 10%, 15%, and 20%. Investigation was performed using a shadowgraph technique based on images recorded with a high-speed camera equipped with back-laser illumination. We observed that the droplet transfer frequency increased with both the welding current and flux ratio, with the effect of flux ratio being more dominant at low currents. We surmise that this is because the wire sheath area decreases as the flux ratio is increased. Hence, when the welding current is the same, a reduction in the sheath area (i.e., an increase in flux content) leads to an increase in the current density in the sheath, which enlarges the electromagnetic force at the tip of the wire and aids droplet detachment. Conversely, Joule heating is higher at high welding currents than at low currents. This increased temperature shortens the flux column inside the wire, such that the current flow into the molten droplets is more uniform. Hence, the droplet transfer frequency does not increase significantly if the flux ratio is increased in the high current range.

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Effects of alkaline elements on the metal transfer behavior in metal cored arc welding

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Individual Effects of Alkali Element and Wire Structure on Metal Transfer Process in Argon Metal-Cored Arc Welding

Individual Effects of Alkali Element and Wire Structure on Metal Transfer Process in Argon Metal-Cored Arc Welding

Study on mass concentration and morphology of SMAW fume particles with a new covered electrode using nano-CaTiO3 as an arc stabilizer

Effect of Flux Ratio on Droplet Transfer Behavior in Metal-Cored Arc Welding

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