“…The molecular dynamics approach to modeling of particulate systems, otherwise known as the Discrete Element Method (DEM), has been applied extensively for studies of flow behaviors in various types of granular and multiphase systems (Lim et al, 2006a(Lim et al, , 2006bLim and Wang, 2006;Lim et al, 2007;Lim, 2007Lim, , 2008Lim, , 2009Lim, , 2010aLim, , 2010bLim et al, 2011). For a comprehensive review, the interested reader is referred to a recent review article by Zhu et al (2008).…”