Effects of apoE on neuronal signaling and APP processing in rodent brain

Ligand-induced Homotypic and Heterotypic Clustering of Apolipoprotein E Receptor 2

“…ApoE induces phosphorylation of the AKT and ERK pathways and inhibition of the JNK pathway (83)(84)(85). Activation of the AKT and ERK pathways was through the LRP1 receptor (83).…”

Differential effects of simvastatin and pravastatin on expression of Alzheimer's disease-related genes in human astrocytes and neuronal cells

“…ApoE synthesis and secretion in glial cells is one of the critical processes for maintenance of the brain lipid homeostasis. ApoE-containing lipoproteins are the main lipid carriers in the brain, and binding of apoE to its receptors on the neuronal membrane is important not only for holoparticle lipoprotein uptake but also for cell signaling ( 26,27,29 ). Increasing the level of apoE in the brain generally has benefi cial effects on numerous cell and tis- sue processes, including membrane repair and memory (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36).…”

Amyloid precursor protein mediates monocyte adhesion in AD tissue and apoE−/− mice

“…Decreased expression of the cholesterol transporter, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), leads to decreased levels of soluble apoE in the brain and increased parenchymal and vascular amyloid deposition in mouse models of AD (Hirsch-Reinshagen, et al, 2005; Koldamoya et al, 2005). In addition, apoE4 expression in particular, appears to increase APP processing and Aβ production both in vitro and in vivo perhaps by interacting with the apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) (Ye et al, 2005; Ho et al, 2006; He et al, 2007). Conversely, APP expression and its gamma secretase-dependent cleavage appear necessary for appropriate expression of lipoprotein receptor, LRP1, and subsequent apoE levels in the brain (Liu et al, 2007).…”