Effects of aqueous phase recirculation on product yields and quality from hydrothermal liquefaction of rice straw

Harisankar, S.; Prashanth, P. Francis; Nallasivam, Jeganathan; Mohan, Ravula Vishnu; Vinu, R.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125951

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Compounds such as hexadecanoic acid, pyridine and other aromatic compounds, which were detected in the bio-crude, were also detected in the aqueous phase. Similar results of trace presence of oily compounds in the aqueous phase were reported during HTL of rice straw [ 29 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The aqueous phase can serve as a nutrient in algae cultivation and as a source of hydrogen through reforming process [ 28 ]. It can also be recycled in the HTL process in order to enhance the product yield in subsequent runs [ 29 ]. Owing to the abundance of N 2 and CO 2 in the gas phase, its energy content is usually low, and so it is considered as a waste stream.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal use of glycerol co-solvent to enhance product yield and its quality from hydrothermal liquefaction of refuse-derived fuel

Harisankar

Prashanth

Nallasivam

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Refuse-derived fuels (RDF) are rich in resources that make them an attractive feedstock for the production of energy and biofuels. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising thermochemical conversion technology to handle wet feedstocks and convert them to valuable bio-crude, bio-char and aqueous products. This study highlights the advantages of using glycerol as the co-solvent along with water in different proportions to produce bio-crude from RDF via HTL. The ratio of water:glycerol (vol.%:vol.%) was varied for each experiment (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50), and the product yields and their quality were studied. The results demonstrate that increasing the proportion of glycerol until 50 vol.% in the solvent enhances the bio-crude yield (36.2 wt.%) and its higher heating value (HHV) (30.9 MJ kg −1 ). Deoxygenation achieved in the bio-crude was 42%. The production of bio-char was minimum (9.5 wt.%) at 50 vol.% glycerol with HHV of 31.9 MJ kg −1 . The selectivity to phenolic compounds in the bio-crude increased, while that of cyclic oxygenates decreased when the glycerol content was more than 20 vol.%. The gas-phase analysis revealed that the major deoxygenation pathway was decarboxylation. The yield of aqueous products drastically increased with the addition of glycerol. The minimum amount of glycerol in the co-solvent that favours an energetically feasible process with low carbon footprint is 30 vol.%. Using 50 vol.% glycerol resulted in the highest energy recovery in the bio-crude and bio-char (80%), the lowest energy consumption ratio (0.43) and lowest environmental factor (0.1). The mass-based process mass intensity factor, calculated based on only bio-crude and bio-char as the valuable products, decreased with an increase in addition of glycerol, while it was close to unity when the aqueous phase is also considered as a valuable product.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal use of glycerol co-solvent to enhance product yield and its quality from hydrothermal liquefaction of refuse-derived fuel

Harisankar

Prashanth

Nallasivam

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…The increase in VM content could be explained by the presence of soluble organic components resulting during conventional HTC (initial DW medium), which could act as intermediates in the formation of secondary hydrochar . In addition, these soluble components could promote the hydrolysis of GPW constituents . Fiber analysis showed an increase in wax content from 7 to 9 wt %, especially due to the combination of aliphatic polymers and VFA, which could have been formed during secondary polymerization, recondensation, and Maillard reactions of solubilized organic components. , A clear increase in evolution can be observed for lignin, the C-richest constituent of lignocellulosic biomass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…6 In addition, these soluble components could promote the hydrolysis of GPW constituents. 25 Fiber analysis showed an increase in wax content from 7 to 9 wt %, especially due to the combination of aliphatic polymers and VFA, which could have been formed during secondary polymerization, recondensation, and Maillard reactions of solubilized organic components. 43,44 A clear increase in evolution can be observed for lignin, the Crichest constituent of lignocellulosic biomass.…”

Section: Effect Of Process Water Recycling On Hydrocharmentioning

confidence: 95%

Energy Recovery from Garden and Park Waste by Hydrothermal Carbonization with Process Water Recycling

Ipiales,

Pimentel-Betancurt,

Diaz

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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This study aims to obtain a carbonaceous material with suitable properties to be used as a solid biofuel by recycling process water from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of garden and park waste (GPW). The research is focused on maximizing mass yield and energy recovery as well as facilitating the treatment of the liquid fraction throughout reusing cycles of the liquid fraction. Process water recycling moderately improved the mass performance of the hydrochar, resulting in a higher energy recovery of almost 20 percentage points compared with that achieved (less than 79%) with conventional HTC (GPW + freshwater feed). An improvement in char fuel quality was observed, showing more suitable morphological, physical, and chemical characteristics, higher reactivity and combustion temperature, and lower probability of ash sintering. Successive process water reuse cycles allowed some increase in energy yield but, at the same time, degraded the quality of hydrochar as a biofuel. Process water composition showed an increase in chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon, which almost doubled after three successive reuse cycles. The concentration of volatile fatty acids increased around 5-fold (up to 20 g L −1 ), with acetic acid accounting for 85% of the total. Subsequent anaerobic digestion of the process water removed up to 75% of the COD and yielded a biogas with high methane content (225−302 N mL CH 4 g −1 COD added ). Recycling of the process water significantly improved the total energy recovery (hydrochar + methane) to 90% after a single recycling, compared to 84% achieved with conventional HTC and subsequent anaerobic treatment of the resulting process water.

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“…Detailed specications of the experimental setup are available elsewhere. 20,21 In a typical experiment, 75 g of dry black liquor (102.5 g with moisture) was loaded along with 397.5 g Milli-Q water (solid wt% = 15), and it was initially pressurized with N 2 . The reactor was then heated, and the HTL reaction was allowed to occur under the corresponding operating conditions (250-400 °C, 15-60 min).…”

Section: Materials and Htl Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platform chemicals from hardwood black liquor via hydrothermal liquefaction: influence of process conditions on product yields and quality

Harisankar

Vinu

2023

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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Effects of aqueous phase recirculation on product yields and quality from hydrothermal liquefaction of rice straw

Cited by 39 publications

References 43 publications

Optimal use of glycerol co-solvent to enhance product yield and its quality from hydrothermal liquefaction of refuse-derived fuel

Optimal use of glycerol co-solvent to enhance product yield and its quality from hydrothermal liquefaction of refuse-derived fuel

Energy Recovery from Garden and Park Waste by Hydrothermal Carbonization with Process Water Recycling

Platform chemicals from hardwood black liquor via hydrothermal liquefaction: influence of process conditions on product yields and quality

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