Effects of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) and pulsed periodic CO2 (λ = 10.6 μm) laser light at the skin of laboratory animals. A comparative experimental study

Abstract

Background. Currently, the problem of radical removal of pigmented skin formations with good clinical and aesthetic results remains open. These formations, including congenital giant pigmented nevi (CGPN), are found at birth in 2 % of newborns; acquired nevi are registered in 75 % of children. They can be large in size and quite often are located on visible parts of the body, creating psychological problems in children and leading to aesthetic discomfort. In adulthood, various complications may develop including malignancy which may develop in 10% of patients. Management of pigmented skin formations causes both medical and psychological problems. So, it is reasonable to solve them in childhood. Modern various techniques for the removal of pigmented nevi are not always effective; besides, they are often followed by various complications, like relapses (in 6–41 %) and skin scarring (in 6 %). Such a situation requires development of new highly effective techniques for removing various pigmented nevi, including laser light. Recently, separate works on the application of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) laser light and infrared (λ = 10.6 μm) laser light generated by periodic CO2 laser for the discussed pathology have appeared.Purpose. To conduct a comparative experimental study on the effects of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) laser light and infrared (λ = 10.6 μm) laser light generated by pulsed periodic CO2 laser at the skin of laboratory rats in order to find out promising parameters for surgical removal of pigmented skin formations.Material and methods. Laser devices “Lasermed 10-03” (LLC RIK, Russia) generating in “blue” (λ = 450 nm) and pulsed periodic CO2 laser “ALDAN” (IOF RAS, Russia) generating in infrared (λ = 10.6 μm) laser light were used. In present in vivo experiment, pigmented skin of laboratory rats was exposed to laser light. Exposure zones were compared; features and regeneration terms were analyzed too.Results. The researchers registered specific effects in skin irradiation with laser light as well as in terms of wound regeneration. They also identified optimal parameters of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) and infrared (λ = 10.6 μm) laser light for the removal of CGPN and pigmented skin formations.Conclusion. The obtained results of the present comparative experimental trial have outlined prospects for the application of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) laser light and infrared laser light (λ = 10.6 μm) generated by pulsed periodic CO2 laser for surgical removal of pigmented skin formations.