Effects of Carotenoid Administration on Bladder Cancer Prevention

Mathews-Roth, Micheline M.; Lausen, Nels; Drouin, Gisele; Richter, Arnold; Krinsky, Norman I.

doi:10.1159/000226922

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Some studies reported a significant inverse association between intake of carrots and dark green vegetables and the risk of bladder cancer (3,6,8,40,41). Against expectation, we did not find significant negative associations of intakes of cabbage, lettuce, green leafy vegetables, carrots, squash, or tomatoes with the risk of urothelial cancer death.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Dietary Habits and Risk of Urothelial Cancer Death in a Large-Scale Cohort Study (JACC Study) in Japan

Sakauchi¹,

Mori²,

Washio³

et al. 2004

Nutrition and Cancer

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In the present study, the associations of dietary habits with the risk of urothelial cancer death were evaluated taking into consideration sex, age, and smoking habits. The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study was established in 1988-1990 and consisted of 47,997 men and 66,520 women observed until the end of 1999. A self-administered food-frequency questionnaire was used as a baseline survey. Hazard ratios for dietary factors were calculated by Cox's proportional hazards model. During the observation period, 63 men and 25 women died of urothelial cancer. Increasing age, male gender, and history of smoking were all significantly associated with increased risk of urothelial cancer death. A high intake of milk and fruits other than oranges reduced the risk significantly and dose dependently, in particular among subjects with smoking history. However, consumption of butter and yogurt had no associations with the risk. Intakes of cabbage, lettuce, green leafy vegetables, carrots, squash, tomatoes, and oranges were not significantly associated with the risk. It was suggested that urothelial cancer death could be potentially preventable by smoking cessation and regular intake of milk and fruit.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Dietary Habits and Risk of Urothelial Cancer Death in a Large-Scale Cohort Study (JACC Study) in Japan

Sakauchi¹,

Mori²,

Washio³

et al. 2004

Nutrition and Cancer

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“…Animal studies evaluating the chemopreventive effects of retinoids have found that a range of synthetic and naturally occurring retinoids inhibit chemically induced bladder carcinogenesis in rats and mice (5)(6)(7)55). Furthermore, in human studies, serum vitamin A levels were shown to be lower in patients with bladder cancer (4), whereas a reduced incidence of bladder cancer was noted in patients with a high dietary intake of vitamin A or carotenoids (56,57).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin A (retinol; ROL) levels have been shown to be significantly lower in the serum of patients with bladder cancer when compared with controls (4). Moreover, previous studies have demonstrated that retinoids were effective in preventing chemically induced bladder cancer in rats (5) and mice (6,7). The effects of retinoids on growth inhibition of TCC have also been demonstrated in vitro in several human bladder cancer cell lines (8 -10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Lecithin

Boorjian¹,

Tickoo²,

Mongan³

et al. 2004

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: Retinoids, which include vitamin A (retinol; ROL) and its derivatives, have been investigated in the treatment of bladder cancer. We have shown that expression of the enzyme lecithin:ROL acyltransferase (LRAT), which converts ROL to retinyl esters, is reduced in several human cancers. Here we evaluated expression of LRAT protein and mRNA in normal and malignant bladder tissue specimens from human patients. We also examined the effect of retinoids on LRAT expression in bladder cancer cell lines.Experimental Design: We evaluated 49 bladder cancer specimens for LRAT protein expression using immunohistochemistry with affinity-purified antibodies to human LRAT. LRAT mRNA expression was assessed using reverse transcription-PCR in bladder specimens from an additional 16 patients. We examined the effect of retinoic acid and ROL on LRAT mRNA expression in five human bladder cancer cell lines.Results: LRAT protein was detected throughout the nonneoplastic bladder epithelium in all of the specimens. In bladder tumors, LRAT protein expression was reduced compared with the nonneoplastic epithelium or was completely absent in 7 of 32 (21.9%) superficial tumors versus 16 of 17 (94.1%) invasive tumors (P < 0.001). All of the nonneoplastic bladder specimens tested (11 of 11) showed LRAT mRNA expression, compared with 5 of 8 (62%) superficial tumors and 0 of 5 (0%) invasive tumors (P ‫؍‬ 0.001). Three of five human bladder cancer cell lines expressed LRAT mRNA independent of retinoid exposure, whereas in two cell lines LRAT mRNA expression was induced by retinoid treatment.Conclusions: We report a significant reduction in LRAT expression in bladder cancer. Moreover, we demonstrate an inverse correlation of LRAT mRNA and protein expression with increasing tumor stage. These data suggest that loss of LRAT expression is associated with invasive bladder cancer.

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“…In certain non-photosynthetic organs of plants, such as some ripening fruits, carotenoids accumulate in large amounts in chromoplasts [3] and are involved in the attraction of animals which will facilitate pollination or seed dispersal. In mammals, certain carotenoids such as fl-carotene, are precursors of vitamin A, retinoic acid and retinal, and have been proposed to act as anti-cancer agents [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and functional expression in E. coli of a novel plant enzyme mediating ξ‐carotene desaturation

et al. 1995

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~bstract We have cloned a cDNA from the plant Capsicum annuum which encodes a novel enzyme mediating the dehydrogenation of ~-carotene and neurosporene to lycopene when expressed in E. coli cells accumulating ~-carotene or neurosporene. this enzyme is unable to dehydrogenate either phytoene or lycopene. The deduced amino acid sequence suggests that this cDNA encodes a polypeptide whose mature size is ca. 59 kDa and which is synthesized as a precursor with a NH2-terminal extension resembling transit peptides for plastid targeting. Sequence comparison reveals 33-35% similarity with previously cloned plant or cyanobacterial phytoene desaturases. In contrast, only limited sequence similarity is found with a ~-carotene desaturase from the cyanobacterium Anabaena.

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Effects of Carotenoid Administration on Bladder Cancer Prevention

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Dietary Habits and Risk of Urothelial Cancer Death in a Large-Scale Cohort Study (JACC Study) in Japan

Dietary Habits and Risk of Urothelial Cancer Death in a Large-Scale Cohort Study (JACC Study) in Japan

Reduced Lecithin

Molecular cloning and functional expression in E. coli of a novel plant enzyme mediating ξ‐carotene desaturation

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