Effects of combinational prophylactics composed of physostigmine and procyclidine on soman-induced lethality, seizures and brain injuries

Kim, Yun-Bae; Cheon, Ki-Cheol; Hur, Gyeung Haeng; Phi, Taek-San; Choi, Seung-Ju; Hong, Deasik; Kang, Jong-Koo

doi:10.1016/s1382-6689(01)00096-5

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Other CMs also have a good prophylactic efficacy, especially physostigmine and aminostigmine (due to their central effect which is contrary to pyridostigmine; Tuovinen and Hanninen, 1999;Kim et al, 2002;Tonkopii, 2003). Experimental studies with transdermal adminis tration of physostigmine suggest a serious interest in the prophylactic use of this drug (Levy et al, 1992;Jenner et al, 1995;Walter et al, 1995;Kim et al, 2005;Cho, 2012;Cho et al, 2012).…”

Section: Protection Of Ache Against Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the different drugs tested, procycli dine appears to be an effective anticonvulsant, with few cognitive side effects (Myhrer et al, 2008b). PROPHYLACTIC, THERAPEUTIC AND COUNTERMEASURES Kassa and Bajgar, 1996;Tuovinen and Hanninen, 1999;Kim et al, 2002). Special importance can be placed on suramine (a protease inhibitor).…”

Section: Prophylactic Use Of Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Special importance can be placed on suramine (a protease inhibitor). There are other combinations as well, such as the administration of triesterase (Tuovinen and Hanninen, 1999;, procyclidine (Kim et al, 2002;Myhrer et al, 2002Myhrer et al, , 2003, clonidine (Loke et al, 2001), or sustained release of physostigmine and scopolamine (Meshulam et al, 2001). However, all these studies are experimental, and they have not reached the practical output stage.…”

Section: Prophylactic Use Of Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pharmacological Prophylaxis Against Nerve Agent Poisoning

Bajgar¹,

Fusek²,

Kassa³

et al. 2015

Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents

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Section: Protection Of Ache Against Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prophylactic Use Of Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prophylactic Use Of Other Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pharmacological Prophylaxis Against Nerve Agent Poisoning

Bajgar¹,

Fusek²,

Kassa³

et al. 2015

Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents

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“…The cholinergic and glutamatergic antagonist, procyclidine, in combination with physostigmine, has been demonstrated to assure full protective effects against convulsant doses of soman in rats and guinea pigs without any need for post-exposure treatment (Kim et al, 2002). Because physostigmine has a rather short halflife, it will preferably require continuous administration.…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic and Therapeutic Measures in Nerve Agents Poisoning

Myhrer¹,

Aas²

2015

Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents

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“…그 후 보고된 바로는 carbamate 계열 약물과 anticholinergic 또는 antiglutamatergic 약물을 복 합투여할 경우 효과적으로 경련을 억제할 수 있으며, 뇌보호효과가 우수하다는 연구결과가 있다 [8,9] . 본 연 구에서는 실험동물(rat, guinea pig)의 뇌(brain) 표면에 전극을 이식하고, carbamate 계열 약물인 physostigmine [16] . Table 1과 같다.…”

unclassified

A Study on the Anticonvulsant Effects of Centrally-Acting Drugs by Measuring Electroencephalography of Experimental Animals Intoxicated with Organophosphate Compounds

Cho

Kim²,

Hur³

2013

Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technolo

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Organophosphorus compounds are irreversible inhibitors of cholinesterase enzyme. Exposure causes a progression of toxic signs, including hypersecretion, tremor, convulsion, respiratory distress, epileptiform seizure, brain injuries and death. To protect brain injuries, administration of diazepam as a neuroprotectant is now considered essential for severely exposed nerve agent casualties. However, studies have shown diazepam to provide less than total protection against the neuropathological consequences of nerve agent exposure. In this context, extensive studies have been carried out to find out effective alternative drugs to protect brain from epileptiform seizures induced by organophosphate compounds intoxication. It has been reported that a combination of carbamate and anticholinergic or antiglutamatergic can be a very effective medical countermeasure in dealing with the threat of organophosphorous poisoning. In this study, experimental animals including rats and guinea pigs were implanted with microelectrodes on their brain sculls, and treated with various centrally acting drugs such as physostigmine and procyclidine prior to soman challenge, and then its electroencephalography(ECoG) was monitored to see anticonvulsant effects of the drugs. It was found that seizure activities in ECoG were not always in proportion to clinical signs induced by soman intoxication, and that combinative pretreatment with physostigmine plus procyclidine effectively stopped the seizures induced by organophosphorous poisoning.

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Effects of combinational prophylactics composed of physostigmine and procyclidine on soman-induced lethality, seizures and brain injuries

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

Pharmacological Prophylaxis Against Nerve Agent Poisoning

Pharmacological Prophylaxis Against Nerve Agent Poisoning

Prophylactic and Therapeutic Measures in Nerve Agents Poisoning

A Study on the Anticonvulsant Effects of Centrally-Acting Drugs by Measuring Electroencephalography of Experimental Animals Intoxicated with Organophosphate Compounds

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