Effects of Contraception Pills and Hormone Replacement Therapy on Tissue Plasminogen Activator -1 and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Per and Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Contraception is a program employed to avoid pregnancy during premenopausal period where as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a medical option to ameliorate menopausal complications. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of contraceptions and HRT on estradiol hormone ,tissue plasminogen activator-1 (TPA-1),and plasminogen activator in hibitor-1(PAI-1).One hundred (120) women were recruited ;30 women with contraception; 30 women with HRT ,and 60women contraception ; with HRT , and 60 women as a control group. All ages of women were ranged between 31-70 years old and subdivided into four groups (31-40,41-50, 51-60, 61-70 years old ).Data obtained from this study indicated a significant elevation (p<0.05) in the levels of estradiol hormone in all tested groups of women compared to control women (without contraception and HRT).It was established a significant drop (p<0.05) in the concentration of TPA-1 in women taking contraception and those intake HRT in a comparison with control groups. About levels of PAI-1,they were significantly higher (p<0.05) in both women with contraception and HRT than of control women .From these observations the available conclusion may be administration of contraception and HRT influence fibrinolytic system and increase incidence of thrombotic events .