Effects of different agronomic practices on the selective soil properties and nitrogen leaching of black soil in Northeast China

Abstract

Considering the large amount and high frequency application of concentrated fertilizer nitrogen in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China, the current laboratory/field simulation study aimed to explore the pollution risk of added nitrogen in black soil to groundwater and identify effective measures to prevent and control soil nitrogen leaching with an undisturbed soil column. The results showed that the saturated nitrogen adsorption capacities increased by 1.7%, 7.7% and 18.5% in ploughing, impervious agent (starch grafted polyacrylic acid) addition, and corn straw returning treatments, respectively, relative to the control (no-till). When the collection volume of the leaching solution reached the experimental maximum (4,000 mL), the total amount of nitrogen leaching from the control soil column (i.e., the no-tillage treatment) accounted for more than 50% of the added nitrogen, indicating a great risk of nitrogen pollution in groundwater. Compared with the no-tillage treatment, the amount of nitrogen leaching from the ploughing treatment increased insignificantly, and the amount of nitrogen leaching in the following spring in the corn straw returning treatment increased by 11.2%. The amount of nitrogen leaching decreased by 12.5% in the soil sampled in autumn of the second year. The total amount of nitrogen leaching in the soil with impervious agents decreased by 40.1%. Therefore, the permeability-reducing agent could significantly reduce underground water pollution risk posed by nitrogen leaching.

Impact of Soil Fertilized with Biomass Ash on Depth-Related Variability of Culturable Bacterial Diversity and Selected Physicochemical Parameters in Spring Barley Cultivation

“…As reported by Wang (2020) [ 41 ], the lower the BD value, the greater the water permeability; this indicates better conditions for plant root development and bacterial growth. The analysis of the values obtained in the experiment ( Figure 2 ) revealed an increase in BD with depth in both soils, which is a normal phenomenon.…”

Poly(acrylic acid) nanocomposites: Design of advanced materials

“…Polymeric modifiers in PAA may also improve their strength properties. 7 Moreover, the cross-linked PAA has high water absorption capacity. PAA has excellent optical properties and non-weatherability.…”

Optimizing application of dairy effluent with synthetic N fertilizer reduced nitrogen leaching in clay loam soil

“…Wang et al [ 45 ] suggested that soil texture affects water infiltration and nutrient leaching losses, while Frick et al [ 22 ] concluded that N leaching losses in loamy sand/silt soil are more severe than in clay loamy soil, due to the lower retention rate and higher conductivity [ 46 ]. In addition, NH 4 + is readily adsorbed by internal clay surfaces [ 47 ], and soil containing 36.0–40.3 % clay minerals was found to adsorb 50–300 mg N kg −1 in the form of NH 4 + [ 48 ].…”