2022
DOI: 10.1002/term.3292
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Effects of electrical stimulation on cytokine‐induced macrophage polarization

Abstract: Macrophages have two functionalized phenotypes, M1 and M2, and the regulation of M1/M2 polarization of macrophages is critical for tissue repair. Tissue-derived immune factors are considered the major drivers of macrophage polarization.Based on the main cytokine-induced polarization pathways, we tested the effect of electrical stimulation (ES) of macrophages on the regulation of M1/M2 polarization and a possible synergistic effect with the cytokines. Indium tin oxide (ITO) planar microelectrodes were used to p… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…45,46 A large number of ion channels, such as the TRPM family and voltage-gated potassium channels, function in the abovementioned signaling cascade and could be upregulated by ES to promote macrophage polarization. 47−49 Combined with previous studies, 22 the potential mechanism by which microstripe morphology and ES synergistically affected macrophages is shown in Figure 6. Only applying ES could upregulate TLR4 and IL-4Rα receptors and activate ion channels (such as Kv1.3 and TRPM7), resulting in promoting both M1 and M2 polarization.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 86%
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“…45,46 A large number of ion channels, such as the TRPM family and voltage-gated potassium channels, function in the abovementioned signaling cascade and could be upregulated by ES to promote macrophage polarization. 47−49 Combined with previous studies, 22 the potential mechanism by which microstripe morphology and ES synergistically affected macrophages is shown in Figure 6. Only applying ES could upregulate TLR4 and IL-4Rα receptors and activate ion channels (such as Kv1.3 and TRPM7), resulting in promoting both M1 and M2 polarization.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…When a sine wave ES was applied, the M2 polarization of macrophages on P(VDF-TrFE)/ITO microelectrodes was promoted (Figures 3 and 4a). This was different from the previous results 22 in which ITO microelectrodes with a sine wave ES promoted both M1 and M2 polarization.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The induction medium was changed every two days, and 7 days later, mature BMDMs were seeded on electroactive films. In the previous report, 29 the purity of BMDMs was characterized as 87.9%.…”
Section: Characterizations Of the Chirality-patternedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pacing is a method commonly used with engineered heart tissues derived from primary cardiomyocytes and cardiomyocytes derived from pluripotent stem cell sources 2 , neural applications in the case of neuronal cultures 3 , and skeletal muscle cultures 4 . More recently, the use of electrical pacing has been explored in non-traditional tissues such as skin 5 , bone 6 , and immune cells 7 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%