Effects of electroacupuncture on the levels of retinal gamma-aminobutyric acid and its receptors in a guinea pig model of lens-induced myopia

Alterations of Glutamate and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Expressions in Normal and Myopic Eye Development in Guinea Pigs

“…Consistent with previous studies (see Table), 10,11 the axial length was elongated (P > 0.05, 1-way ANOVA) and the diopter was decreased (P > 0.05, 1-way ANOVA) during normal eye development. By contrast, the axial length and the diopter showed a more obvious change during the myopic development (both P < 0.001, 1-way ANOVA).…”

“…To induce myopia in guinea pigs, À10 diopter (D) lenses were mounted onto a self-made frame using surgical tapes and were glued onto the right eyes of the guinea pigs. 10 To ensure the effectiveness of LIM in guinea pigs, lenses were cleaned in the morning and in the evening twice daily.…”

“…The occurrence and the potential regulation mechanism in myopia has been a subject of interest for scientists in the present. 47 Previous studies have suggested that neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, 48 GABA, 10 and acetylcholine, 49 may have a pivotal role in myopic development. Specially, the expression of GABA in retina was upregulated in myopia.…”

“…Specially, the expression of GABA in retina was upregulated in myopia. 10,50 In addition, it has been shown that GABAergic antagonists enhance the protective effect of brief periods of normal vision on the development of form deprivation myopia (FDM), whereas agonists inhibit the protective effects. 9 Similarly, our study demonstrated a significant correlation between a rising of GABA content and either diopter or axial length.…”

“…5 Similarly, c-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a traditional inhibitory transmitter, has a crucial role in the nerve signaling transmission and development of retinal and entire eyes, [6][7][8] and is correlated with the occurrence and development of myopia. 9,10 Studies have confirmed that in retinal signal circuits, photoreceptors and bipolar cells release Glu, which is responsible for the radial flow of the visual signal in the retina and mediates feed forward, whereas horizontal cells receive direct input from photoreceptors and, in turn, provide negative feedback to cone photoreceptors. 11,12 Meanwhile, horizontal cells and amacrine cells participate in the retinal circuits through the lateral pathway, which is mediated by GABA.…”