Effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus extracts on hexobarbital metabolism in vivo and in vitro

Medon, Philip J.; Ferguson, Paul W.; Watson, Carl F.

doi:10.1016/0378-8741(84)90005-9

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, ginseng has been clinically used for the treatment of insomnia [26]. Siberian ginseng can decrease sleep latency and increase sleep duration following both acute administration and chronic administration [27]. In the present study, we have shown after 5 days of repeated RGE treatments, we found that both high and low doses markedly enhanced NREM and total sleep, but reduced wakefulness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABA_Aergic Systems

Yang¹,

Nam²,

Han³

et al. 2010

Journal of Ginseng Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was undertaken to discover the effects and possible mechanisms of the effect of red ginseng extract (RGE) on spontaneous sleep. The effects of a low dose (10 mg/kg) and a high dose (200 mg/kg) of RGE were compared in rats. After recovery from a surgical operation enabling electroencephalograms recordings, rats were administered RGE orally. RGE was administered orally for 1 day or once per day for 5 days in either 10 or 200 mg/kg doses. Polygraphic signs were recorded for 12 h after oral administration of RGE. Both treatment with a large dose (200 mg/kg) of RGE for one day and treatment with either a large or a small dose for 5 days reduced the number of sleep-wake cycles. Daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg) for 5 days augmented NREM and total sleep, but reduced wakefulness. Delta wave activity recorded during non-REM (NREM) sleep and REM sleep was increased after one treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg). Delta wave activity during NREM was enhanced after daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg) for 5 days. Both alpha and beta subunits of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor were significantly over-expressed in the hypothalamus of the RGEtreated groups. Moreover, the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase was also increased in the hypothalamus. These results demonstrate that RGE may regulate spontaneous sleep via GABA A ergic systems.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABA_Aergic Systems

Yang¹,

Nam²,

Han³

et al. 2010

Journal of Ginseng Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…doses, increased the duration of sleeping time in mice treated with hexobarbital. These data suggest P450 enzyme inhibition by the ginseng preparations used in those studies (Takagi et al, 1972;Medon et al, 1984) because hexobarbital is metabolized by P450 enzymes (Ryan and Levin, 1990). In another study, the oral administration of a single dose (30 mg/kg) of P. ginseng extract to rats was shown to have multiple effects on hepatic P450-mediated enzyme activities (Lee et al, 1987).…”

Section: Effect Of Individual Ginsenosides On Cyp1a2 Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Both gastric digestion (Rimar et al, 1996) and intestinal bacterial hydrolysis (Akao et al, 1998) lead to the chemical transformation of the compounds present in the extracts that may contribute significantly to the overall in vivo biological activities of ginseng extracts. Interestingly, previous studies have reported that a crude saponin fraction of ginseng root (Takagi et al, 1972) and a preparation of Siberian ginseng extract (Eleutherococcus senticosus) (Medon et al, 1984), when administered as single or multiple i.p. doses, increased the duration of sleeping time in mice treated with hexobarbital.…”

Section: Effect Of Individual Ginsenosides On Cyp1a2 Catalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effect of Standardized Ginseng Extracts and Individual Ginsenosides on the Catalytic Activity of Human CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1

Chang¹,

Chen²,

Benetton³

2002

Drug Metab Dispos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:Ginseng extract has been reported to decrease the incidence of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated tumorigenesis in mice. A potential mechanism for this effect by ginseng is inhibition of DMBA-bioactivating cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes. In the present in vitro study, we examined the effect of a standardized Panax ginseng (or Asian ginseng) extract (G115), a standardized Panax quinquefolius (or North American ginseng) extract (NAGE), and individual ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, and Rg1) on CYP1 catalytic activities, as assessed by 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylation. G115 and NAGE decreased human recombinant CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1 activities in a concentration-dependent manner. Except for the competitive inhibition of CYP1A1 by G115, the mode of inhibition was the mixed-type in the other cases. A striking finding was that NAGE was 45-fold more potent than G115 in inhibiting CYP1A2. Compared with G115, NAGE also preferentially inhibited 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylation activity in human liver microsomes. Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, and Rg1, either individually or as a mixture and at the levels reflecting those found in an inhibitory concentration (100 g/ml) of NAGE or G115, did not influence CYP1 activities. However, at a higher ginsenoside concentration (50 g/ml), Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, and Rf inhibited these activities. Overall, our in vitro findings indicate that standardized NAGE and G115 extracts, which were not treated with calf serum or subjected to acid hydrolysis, inhibited CYP1 catalytic activity in an enzyme-selective and extract-specific manner, but the effects were not due to Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, or Rg1.Ginseng is one of the most commonly used herbal products by American consumers (Eliason et al., 1997;Harnack et al., 2001), and the annual sales of ginseng in the United States are more than $300 million (Gillis, 1997). Ginseng refers to the roots of species of the genus Panax. There are several species of ginseng (Soldati, 2000), including Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (or Asian ginseng), which is mainly from Korea and Eastern China, and Panax quinquefolius L. (or North American ginseng), which is primarily from Wisconsin and British Columbia, Canada. To date, approximately 200 substances have been isolated and characterized from P. ginseng (Soldati, 2000). The characteristic markers of both species are the ginsenosides (Attele et al., 1999), which are steroidal saponins (Attele et al., 1999). Ginseng is used as a general body tonic, and it is touted to counteract fatigue, boost the immune system, improve physical stamina, and stimulate the appetite (Elias and Masline, 1995). The mechanism of action of ginseng is not known, but it is thought to have effects on learning, memory and behavior, cardiovascular function perhaps through mediation by nitric oxide, neuroendocrine function, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and immune function (Liu and Xiao, 1992).The oral administration of red ginseng extracts, which were produced by steam treatment of the roots of P. ginseng, was ...

show abstract

“…Siberian Ginseng can decrease the sleep latency and increase sleep duration following acute administration and chronic administration [11]. Here we noted that acute oral high dose GS improved the NREM and total sleep but weakened wakefulness; following 6 days repeated GS administration, both high and low dose GS enhanced markedly NREM and total sleep but reduced wakefulness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Previous literatures have displayed that a variety of ginsengs, including its constituent and combination, act a roles in modulation of sleep/sleep disturbance in human and animals [10,11]. Ginseng extract may exert a stabilizing effects on sleep-waking disturbances which possibly accounts for its outstanding health-improving activities [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenosides Action on Spontaneous Sleep in Rats

Fengfang¹,

He²,

Liu³

et al. 2011

CISME

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-This work was performed to study the influences of Ginsenosides (GS) on spontaneous sleep. Adult SD rats were randomly divided into the control, GS 10 and 100mg/kg groups. After recovery from operation, rats were orally administered GS 10 and 100mg/kg or water once per day for 6 days. On day 1 and 6, Polygraphic signs of undisturbed sleep-wake activities were recorded for 12h after GS administration. On day 1, only 100mg/kg GS increased significantly NREM and total sleep but decreased wakefulness; 10 and 100mg/kg GS enhanced θ power of NREM and wakefulness but reduced θ power of wakefulness and α power during sleep and wakefulness, 10 and 100mg/kg GS lowered θ power of NREM and REM stage, respectively. On day 6, both 10 and 100mg/kg GS increased markedly NREM and total sleep but lowered wakefulness and sleep-wake cycles; 10 and 100mg/kg GS enhanced δ power during NREM and wakefulness but reduced θ power of wakefulness and α power during sleep and wake state, 10mg/kg GS also lowered θ power of NREM. The increase of δ power in all stages, the decrease of θ power in NREM and REM sleep and the decrease of α power during NREM and wakefulness were observed in 10mg/kg group; the decrease of θ power during NREM sleep and of α power during wakefulness and the increase of δ power in wakefulness shown in 100mg/kg group. These findings indicate that GS can regulate spontaneous sleep in time-dependent manner, cortical EEG power spectra in rats.

show abstract

Effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus extracts on hexobarbital metabolism in vivo and in vitro

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABA_Aergic Systems

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABA_Aergic Systems

In Vitro Effect of Standardized Ginseng Extracts and Individual Ginsenosides on the Catalytic Activity of Human CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1

Ginsenosides Action on Spontaneous Sleep in Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus extracts on hexobarbital metabolism in vivo and in vitro

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABAAergic Systems

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABAAergic Systems

In Vitro Effect of Standardized Ginseng Extracts and Individual Ginsenosides on the Catalytic Activity of Human CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1

Ginsenosides Action on Spontaneous Sleep in Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABA_Aergic Systems

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABA_Aergic Systems