Effects of hydroxyapatite nanostructure on channel surface of porcine acellular dermal matrix scaffold on cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells

Abstract

Abstract:A new nanostructured hydroxyapatite-coated porcine acellular dermal matrix (HAp-PADM) was fabricated by a biomimetic mineralization method. Human periodontal ligament stem cells were seeded on HAp-PADM and the effects of this scaffold on cell shape, cytoskeleton organization, cell viability, and osteogenic differentiation were examined. Periodontal ligament stem cells cultured on HAp-PADM exhibited different cell shape when compared with those on pure PADM. Moreover, HAp-PADM promoted cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly. Based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, the expression of bonerelated markers runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN) upregulated in the HAp-PADM scaffold. The enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells on the HAp-PADM scaffold was proposed based on the research results. The results of this study highlight the micro-nano, two-level, three-dimensional HAp-PADM composite as a promising scaffold for periodontal tissue engineering.

PTH/SDF‐1α cotherapy promotes proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells

“…After cell counting, single cell suspension was plated at a concentration of 60 cells/cm 2 on non‐treated 10 cm Petri dishes for single cell‐derived colony selection, and was cultured in DMEM with 10% foetal calf serum (FCS; Hyclone), 2 m m l ‐glutamine (Sigma‐Aldrich), 100 m m l ‐ascorbate‐2‐phosphate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Richmond, VA, USA), 1 m m sodium pyruvate (Sigma‐Aldrich), 50 U/mL penicillin G and 50 mg/mL streptomycin for 10–14 days. Individual colonies were isolated with colony rings and expanded into individual vessels for further cultivation, as previously described . All cell‐based experiments were repeated at least three times.…”

Cranial vault reconstruction with bone morphogenetic protein, calcium phosphate, acellular dermal matrix, and calcium alginate in mice

“…Tridimensional architecture and porosity of a bone matrix are considered fundamental characteristics for its regenerative ability 1,32,47 . It may be seen in BAG and TCP groups, which have maintained a high score.…”

“…Tissue engineering (TE) has looked for the combined use of regenerative cells, matrices or cell carriers, and growth factors (GF) 1,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] . There are some controversial evidences showing lack in cranial vault reconstructions when ADSCs are used 34,35 .…”

When 1 + 1 > 2: Nanostructured composites for hard tissue engineering applications

“…Moreover, it is a rule of thumb that biomaterials in general should be rough so as to promote cell attachment 87,88 , except in a few cases, including joint and some soft tissue implants for which smooth surfaces are more desirable; impregnation of polymers with inorganic nanoparticles contributes to this surface roughness and makes additional processing steps such as etching or sandblasting unnecessary. Precipitation of HAp throughout an acellular dermal matrix at low supersaturation, the process which is also known as biomimetic mineralization of scaffolds, has correspondingly yielded a markedly more viable surface for the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells 89 . Moreover, less spindle-like and more osteoblastic, polygonal morphological appearance of the cells was in favor of their greater affinity to the surface when the latter contained the ceramic particles dispersed in the matrix, while significant upregulation of two osteogenic markers - the transcription factor Runx2 and osteopontin - was detected on HAp-containing scaffolds compared to HAp-free ones after seven days of incubation.…”