Effects of insertion torque values on the marginal bone loss of dental implants installed in sheep mandibles

Abstract

The aim of the present in vivo study was to analyze and compare the effects on the crestal bone healing of two different implant macrogeometries installed in fresh socket areas and in normal bone areas with different insertion torque values. Two implant macrogeometries were used in the present study, DuoCone implant (DC) and Maestro implant (MAE), forming four groups: group DCws, in which the implants were installed in healing bone (without a socket); group DCfs, in which the implants were installed in post-extraction areas (fresh sockets); group MAEws, in which the implants were installed in healing bone (without a socket); group MAEfs, in which the implants were installed in post-extraction areas (fresh sockets). After 30 and 90 days of implantations in the bilateral mandibles of 10 sheep, eighty implants were evaluated through digital X-ray images and histologic slices. The crestal bone position in relation to the implant platform shoulder was measured and compared. The measured insertion torque was 47.2 ± 4.69 Ncm for the DCws group, 43.4 ± 4.87 Ncm for the DCfs group, 29.3 ± 3.16 Ncm for the MAEws group, and 27.7 ± 4.41 Ncm for the MAEfs group. The radiographic mesio-distal and histological bucco-lingual analyses showed significantly greater vertical bone loss in the implants installed with high torque (DC groups) in comparison to the implants installed with a low torque (MAE groups) (p < 0.05), at both evaluation times. In general, low insertion torque values (Maestro implants) showed better results of MBL when compared to implants installed with higher torque values (Duo Cone implants). Moreover, our results showed that the implants installed in the sites without sockets showed a less MBL in comparison with the implants installed in sites of fresh sockets.

Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Insertion Torque and Implant Stability of Two Different Implant Macrogeometries in the Initial Periods of Osseointegration

“…Regarding the macrogeometry of the implants studied, the results showed that this is an important factor to be considered when accelerating the healing process, corroborating the pre-clinical studies recently published by our research group [ 2 , 34 ]. Finally, the correlation analysis between the insertion torque and the measured stability values (ISQ) showed no correlation between these two parameters, corroborating studies by other authors [ 16 , 44 , 51 , 52 ].…”

“…Other authors have reported that implants inserted with less torque may cause less bone trauma and facilitate the osseointegration process [ 5 , 6 , 33 ]. In addition, recent preclinical studies have shown that implants with a macrogeometry that decreases insertion torque without affecting their primary stability can produce less marginal bone loss [ 34 ].…”

Marginal Bone Level and Biomechanical Behavior of Titanium-Indexed Abutment Base of Conical Connection Used for Single Ceramic Crowns on Morse-Taper Implant: A Clinical Retrospective Study

“…This last cited study related its results to the difference in implant insertion torque values, concluding that implants inserted with high torque values showed more increased bone remodeling than implants with low torque. Moreover, our group recently published a preclinical study that corroborates this correlation between the torque value and marginal bone remodeling [ 47 ]. However, in the present study, the insertion torque of the implants could not be evaluated due to the lack of this information in the patient’s clinical history.…”

Are Torque-Induced Bone Texture Alterations Related to Early Marginal Jawbone Loss?

“…MBL that occurs after a few years may be a condition related to more factors, e.g., prosthetic restoration and gingival vertical and horizontal width. MBL may be associated with a high torque value [ 8 , 9 ] if the correct procedure steps have not been followed and the appropriate primary stability of the implant has occurred [ 10 ].…”