Effects of intermode nonlinearity and intramode nonlinearity on modulation instability in randomly birefringent two-mode optical fibers

Multiple Modes-Induced Multi-Pair Cross-Phase Modulation Instability in the Deep Normal Dispersion Regime of a Tellurite High Birefringence Microstructured Optical Fiber

“…Due to the ability to support two orthogonal polarization states, high birefringence optical fibers (HBOFs, on the order of 10 -5 and more) provide a good platform for generating XPMI [19]- [22]. The first observation of XPMI in the normal GVD regime of optical fibers was reported in 1988 by Baldeck [23], and since then many investigations have been carried out, mainly focusing on single pair of XPMI induced by the fundamental mode [24]- [28]. Up to now, there is no report on multi-pair XPMI induced by multiple modes in HBOFs.…”

Modal group-velocity mismatch induced intermodal modulation instability in step-index fiber

“…In parallel, pump photons launched into different spatial modes give rise to intermodal MI (IM-MI). The details on theoretical and numerical analysis of IM-MI in multimode fiber has been described [24,25]. The modal GVM between the interacting modes plays a crucial role in the IM-MI effect and can be controlled either by changing the mode combination or by wavelength tuning.…”

“…Parallelly, pump photons launched into different spatial modes gives rise to intermodal MI (IM-MI). The details on theoretical and numerical analysis of IM-MI in multimode fiber has been described [22,23]. More recently, the experimental observation of IM-MI in the normal dispersion region of graded index fiber has been demonstrated where the effect of the GVM and the variation of dispersion parameters between the participating spatial modes have been neglected [24].…”