Effects of Intravenous ω‐3 and ω‐6 Fat Emulsion on Cytokine Production and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity in Burned Rats Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition

Hayashi, Naganori; Tashiro, Tsuguhiko; Yamamori, Hideo; Takagi, Kazuya; Morishima, Yasuo; Otsubo, Yoshihisa; Sugiura, Toshiyuki; Furukawa, Katsunori; Nitta, Hiroshi; Nakajima, Nobuyuki; Suzuki, Nobuo; Ito, Isao

doi:10.1177/0148607198022006363

Cited by 72 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Mice fed fish oil and then injected with endotoxin had significantly lower plasma TNF-a, IL-1ß and IL-6 concentrations than mice fed safflower oil (24). Fish oil-containing parenteral nutrition significantly decreased serum TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations in burned rats (25). In a study on rats subjected to cecal ligation and puncture, the concentrations of TNF-a, IL-1ß and IL-6 in peritoneal lavage fluid were lower by 70, 70 and 50%, respectively, in rats receiving parenteral infusion of fish oil than in those receiving safflower oil (26).…”

Section: Fish Oil and Animal Models Of Endotoxemia And Sepsismentioning

confidence: 92%

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids and inflammation: potential application in surgical and trauma patients

Calder

2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

157

120

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Section: Fish Oil and Animal Models Of Endotoxemia And Sepsismentioning

confidence: 92%

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids and inflammation: potential application in surgical and trauma patients

Calder

2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

157

120

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“…-The addition of fatty acids to the cell medium increases ROS formation and phagocytosis (12,15,20). -Omega-3-rich diets decrease IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-8 production, whereas omega-6-rich diets increase the production of these cytokines (6,(22)(23)(24)(25)27). …”

Section: Fatty Acids Biochemical Pathways and Mitochondriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Omega-6 fatty acid-rich diets and direct incubation of macrophages with arachidonic acid also raise IL-6 concentration, possibly via generation of PGI 2 (27). In contrast, IL-8, IL-6 and IL-10 expression is lowered by omega-3 fatty acids and oleate in endothelial cells and monocytes, an effect associated with reduced adhesion molecule expression and lower adhesion capacity of monocytes (25,27).…”

Section: Production Of Cytokines and Other Cell Mediators Antigen Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fatty acids on leukocyte function

Pompéia

Lopes

Miyasaka

et al. 2000

Braz J Med Biol Res

103

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Fatty acids have various effects on immune and inflammatory responses, acting as intracellular and intercellular mediators. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of the omega-3 family have overall suppressive effects, inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation, antibody and cytokine production, adhesion molecule expression, natural killer cell activity and triggering cell death. The omega-6 PUFAs have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects. The most studied of these is arachidonic acid that can be oxidized to eicosanoids, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and thromboxanes, all of which are potent mediators of inflammation. Nevertheless, it has been found that many of the effects of PUFA on immune and inflammatory responses are not dependent on eicosanoid generation. Fatty acids have also been found to modulate phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, cytokine production and leukocyte migration, also interfering with antigen presentation by macrophages. The importance of fatty acids in immune function has been corroborated by many clinical trials in which patients show improvement when submitted to fatty acid supplementation. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain fatty acid modulation of immune response, such as changes in membrane fluidity and signal transduction pathways, regulation of gene transcription, protein acylation, and calcium release. In this review, evidence is presented to support the proposition that changes in cell metabolism also play an important role in the effect of fatty acids on leukocyte functioning, as fatty acids regulate glucose and glutamine metabolism and mitochondrial depolarization.

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“…Nutritional supplementation with L-arginine and amino acids has also been suggested to be beneficial and promising in experimental colitis in terms of reduced episodes of diarrhoea, and preserving weight-ratio [6,7]. Furthermore, PUFAs have been described to reduce serum IL-8 and IL-10 levels and to prevent immunosuppression in burned rats that were receiving total parental nutrition [8][9][10]. In experimental colitis, PUFAs can attenuate tissutal, morphological, and inflammatory consequences, and can decrease local concentrations of inflammatory mediators [11,12].…”

Section: Immunonutrition and Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunonutrition in head and neck cancer: have a look before surgery!

Bianchini

Ciorba

Stomeo

et al. 2011

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible role of immunonutrition in head and neck cancer patients. Malnutrition frequently occurs in head and neck oncological patients, due to mechanical obstruction, such as tumour induced cachexia, poor dietary habits, as well as excessive alcohol consumption. These defects combined with the immune suppressive effects of surgery have been claimed to contribute in increasing the postoperative complications rate, such as poor wound healing and higher incidence of infections. Immunonutrition has been proposed to provide specific benefits to the immune system; several clinical trials, also in head and neck cancer patients, are already present in the literature, even if methodological differences impede comparisons and firm conclusions so far. Nutritional oncology is a new and interesting field and requires the use of standardised intervention protocols in order to evaluate its clinical efficacy.

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Effects of Intravenous ω‐3 and ω‐6 Fat Emulsion on Cytokine Production and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity in Burned Rats Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition

Abstract: omega-6 PUFAs increased serum inflammatory cytokine levels in a stressed state. omega-3 fat emulsion reduced IL-8 and IL-10 levels and prevented immunosuppression in burned rats that were receiving TPN.

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids and inflammation: potential application in surgical and trauma patients

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids and inflammation: potential application in surgical and trauma patients

Effect of fatty acids on leukocyte function

Immunonutrition in head and neck cancer: have a look before surgery!

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