Effects of MDMA on blood glucose levels and brain glucose metabolism

Soto-Montenegro, María Luisa; Vaquero, J.J.; Arango, Celso; Ricaurte, G.A.; García‐Barreno, Pedro

doi:10.1007/s00259-006-0262-8

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Results from studies on the effects of MDMA on cerebral glucose metabolism have not been consistent. Although Quate et al (2004) have reported that MDMA acutely increases local cerebral glucose utilization in many brain regions, the finding has not been replicated by others (Wilkerson and London, 1989; Soto-Montenegro et al, 2007). Thus, it is unclear whether the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose is reflective of an increase in neuronal energy demand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Previous studies on the effect of MDMA on peripheral glucose have provided inconsistent results. Soto-Montenegro et al (2007) demonstrated that MDMA produces a 35% reduction in blood glucose, whereas Gramsbergen and Cumming (2007) and Banks et al (2009) have reported that relatively large doses of MDMA administered i.v. result in a transient increase in blood glucose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MDMA produces a complex pattern of alterations in local cerebral glucose utilization (Quate et al, 2004; Soto-Montenegro et al, 2007). MDMA also has been shown to reduce the brain concentration of glycogen, the main energy reserve in brain (Darvesh et al, 2002; Darvesh and Gudelsky, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Role of serotonin and/or norepinephrine in the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis in the rat brain

Pachmerhiwala

Bhide

Straiko

et al. 2010

European Journal of Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The acute administration of MDMA has been shown to promote glycogenolysis and increase the extracellular concentration of glucose in the striatum. In the present study the role of serotonergic and/or noradrenergic mechanisms in the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis was assessed. The relationship of these responses to the hyperthermia produced by MDMA also was examined. The administration of MDMA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) resulted in a significant and sustained increase of 65-100% in the extracellular concentration of glucose in the striatum, as well as in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and a 35% decrease in brain glycogen content. Peripheral blood glucose was modestly increased by 32% after MDMA treatment. Treatment of rats with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly attenuated the MDMAinduced increase in extracellular glucose in the striatum but had no effect on MDMA-induced glycogenolysis or hyperthermia. Treatment with prazosin (1 mg/kg, i.p.) did not alter the glucose or glycogen responses to MDMA but completely suppressed MDMA-induced hyperthermia. Finally, propranolol (3 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly attenuated the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis but did not alter MDMA-induced hyperthermia. The present results suggest that MDMA increases extracellular glucose in multiple brain regions, and that this response involves both serotonergic and noradrenergic mechanisms. Furthermore, β-adrenergic and α-adrenergic receptors appear to contribute to MDMA-induced glycogenolysis and hyperthermia, respectively. Finally, hyperthermia, glycogenolysis and elevated extracellular glucose appear to be independent, unrelated responses to acute MDMA administration.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role of serotonin and/or norepinephrine in the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis in the rat brain

Pachmerhiwala

Bhide

Straiko

et al. 2010

European Journal of Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been shown previously that acute MDMA results in increased cerebral glucose levels in the adult rat [18,22,23,45] as well as in the periphery [23], although decreased cerebral glucose utilization is evident over time in MDMA-treated rats [22]. On the contrary, in Dark Agouti female rats, which are poor metabolizers of MDMA, exposure results in decreased blood glucose levels [60], implying that the pharmacology and metabolism of MDMA itself may play a role in glucose utilization. These data do not, however, indicate why adolescent rats are resistant to drug-induced hyperglycemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose and corticosterone changes in developing and adult rats following exposure to (±)-3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine or 5-methoxydiisopropyltryptamine

Graham

Herring

Schaefer

et al. 2010

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of the club drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 5-methoxy-n,ndiisopropyltryptamine (Foxy) is of growing concern, especially as many of the effects, particularly during development, are unknown. The effects of these drugs upon homeostasis may be important since both are known to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The purpose of this experiment was to examine alterations in rats in corticosterone and glucose following an acute exposure to these drugs at different stages of development: preweaning, adolescence, and adulthood. Both MDMA and Foxy increased corticosterone levels significantly at all ages examined, while glucose was elevated at all stages except at the adolescent time point (postnatal day 28). For both measures, there were no differences between the sexes with either drug. The data indicate that an acute exposure to these drugs alters CORT and glucose levels at all ages tested, raising the possibility that these changes may have effects on behavioral and cognitive function, as we and others have previously demonstrated.

show abstract

“…However, other investigators have failed to confirm an effect of MDMA to increase blood glucose. Soto-Montenegro et al (2007) have reported that MDMA actually decreases peripheral glucose and Darvesh et al (2002) failed to find any significant effect of MDMA on blood glucose at a dose that elevated brain extracellular concentrations of glucose. Thus, the source of the increased extracellular glucose in brain following MDMA remains to be resolved, as well as its relationship to a potential increase in cerebral blood flow and/or tissue glucose utilization.…”

Section: Energy Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actions of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on cerebral dopaminergic, serotonergic and cholinergic neurons

Gudelsky

Yamamoto

2008

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an amphetamine derivative and a popular drug of abuse that exhibits mild hallucinogenic and rewarding properties and engenders feelings of connectedness and openness. The unique psychopharmacological profile of this drug of abuse most likely is derived from the property of MDMA to promote the release of dopamine and serotonin (5-HT) in multiple brain regions. The present review highlights primarily data from studies employing in vivo microdialysis that detail the actions of MDMA on the release of these neurotransmitters. Data from in vivo microdialysis experiments indicate that MDMA, like most amphetamine derivatives, increases the release of dopamine in the striatum, n. accumbens and prefrontal cortex. However, the release of dopamine evoked by MDMA in each of these brain regions appears to be modulated by concomitantly released 5-HT and the subsequent activation of 5-HT2A/C or 5-HT2B/C receptors. In addition to its stimulatory effect on the release of monoamines, MDMA also enhances the release of acetylcholine in the striatum, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and this cholinergic response appears to be secondary to the activation of histaminergic, dopaminergic and/or serotonergic receptors. Beyond the acute stimulatory effect of MDMA on neurotransmitter release, MDMA also increases the extracellular concentration of energy substrates, e.g., glucose and lactate in the brain. In contrast to the acute stimulatory actions of MDMA on the release of monoamines and acetylcholine, the repeated administration of high doses of MDMA is thought to result in a selective neurotoxicity to 5-HT axon terminals in the rat. Additional studies are reviewed that focus on the alterations in neurotransmitter responses to pharmacological and physiological stimuli that accompany MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity.

show abstract

Effects of MDMA on blood glucose levels and brain glucose metabolism

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Role of serotonin and/or norepinephrine in the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis in the rat brain

Role of serotonin and/or norepinephrine in the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis in the rat brain

Glucose and corticosterone changes in developing and adult rats following exposure to (±)-3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine or 5-methoxydiisopropyltryptamine

Actions of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on cerebral dopaminergic, serotonergic and cholinergic neurons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About