Effects of nitrogen source on the physiology and metal nutrition of Emiliania huxleyi grown under different iron and light conditions

Dl, Muggli; Pj, Harrison

doi:10.3354/meps130255

Cited by 66 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Increased irradiance alone significantly increased the growth rate of E. huxleyi, as in previous work (Paasche, 1967(Paasche, , 1999Brand & Guillard, 1981;Muggli & Harrison, 1996; Nielsen, 1997; , pg P cell À1 ) and C/N, C/P and N/P molar ratios in the four CO 2 /temperature treatments under both light conditions Numbers in parentheses are standard deviations (n ¼ 3). Rijssel & Gieskes, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Interactive effects of increased pCO₂, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)

Feng

Warner

Zhang

et al. 2008

European Journal of Phycology

265

290

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We examined the effects of increased temperature, pCO 2 , and irradiance on a calcifying strain of the marine coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi in semi-continuous laboratory cultures. Emiliania huxleyi CCMP 371 was cultured in four temperature and pCO 2 treatments at both low and high irradiance (50 and 400 mmol photons m À2 s À1): (i) 20 C and 375 ppm CO 2 (ambient control); (ii) 20 C and 750 ppm CO 2 (high pCO 2 ); (iii) 24 C and 375 ppm CO 2 (high temperature); and (iv) 24 C and 750 ppm CO 2 ('greenhouse'). The growth of E. huxleyi was greatly accelerated by elevated temperature at low irradiance. Photosynthesis was significantly promoted by increases in both pCO 2 and temperature at both irradiances. Higher cellular C/P ratios were found in the higher CO 2 treatments at high irradiance, indicating a reduced requirement for P. The PIC/POC (particulate inorganic to organic carbon) ratio remained constant at low light, regardless of CO 2 or temperature conditions. However, both the cellular PIC content and PIC/POC ratio were greatly decreased by elevated irradiance, and were further decreased by increased pCO 2 only at high light, indicating a combined effect of CO 2 and light on calcification. These results suggest that future trends of CO 2 enrichment, sea-surface warming and exposure to higher mean irradiances from intensified stratification will have a large influence on the growth of Emiliania huxleyi, and potentially on the PIC/POC 'rain ratio'. Our study demonstrates that it is possible to obtain a more complete picture of global change impacts on marine phytoplankton by designing experiments that consider multiple global change variables and their mutual interactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Interactive effects of increased pCO₂, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)

Feng

Warner

Zhang

et al. 2008

European Journal of Phycology

265

290

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“…Emiliana huxleyi has a very high affinity for phosphates (Egge & Heimdal 1994, Riegman et al 2000 and a relatively low requirement for Fe (Brand et al 1983, Muggli & Harrison 1996. It follows that nitrate, in addition to the DIC substrate, may control organic production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi to elevated partial pressure of CO2 under nitrogen limitation

Sciandra¹,

Harlay²,

Lefèvre³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

176

152

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Precipitation of calcium carbonate by phytoplankton in the photic oceanic layer is an important process regulating the carbon cycling and the exchange of CO 2 at the ocean-atmosphere interface. Previous experiments have demonstrated that, under nutrient-sufficient conditions, doubling the partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) in seawater -a likely scenario for the end of the centurycan significantly decrease both the rate of calcification by coccolithophorids and the ratio of inorganic to organic carbon production. The present work investigates the effects of high pCO 2 on calcification by the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Strain TW1) grown under nitrogen-limiting conditions, a situation that can also prevail in the ocean. Nitrogen limitation was achieved in NO 3 -limited continuous cultures renewed at the rate of 0.5 d -1 and exposed to a saturating light level. pCO 2 was increased from 400 to 700 ppm and controlled by bubbling CO 2 -rich or CO 2 -free air into the cultures. The pCO 2 shift has a rapid effect on cell physiology that occurs within 2 cell divisions subsequent to the perturbation. Net calcification rate (C ) decreased by 25% and, in contrast to previous studies with N-replete cultures, gross community production (GCP) and dark community respiration (DCR) also decreased. These results suggest that increasing pCO 2 has no noticeable effect on the calcification/photosynthesis ratio (C /P) when cells of E. huxleyi are NO 3 -limited.

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“…For further details on culture conditions and how the cells were Fe-stressed see Muggli & Harrison (1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of iron and nitrogen source on the sinking rate, physiology and metal composition of an oceanic diatom from the subarctic Pacific

Dl¹,

Lecourt²,

Pj³

1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

Self Cite

108

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The effect of iron (Fe) on the sinking rate of a n oceanic diatom Actinocyclus sp. and an oceanic coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi, both isolated from the subarctic Pacific, was examined in natural oceanic seawater. The Fe status of the diatom had a dramatic effect on its sinking rate, causing a 5 times increase from 0.17 to 0.93 m d-' from Fe-replete to Fe-stressed conditions. In contrast, Fe had no effect on the sinking rate of the oceanic coccolithophore, whlch maintained its sinking rate at 0.12 m d-' The cell volume of the d~a t o m decreased slightly under Fe-stressed conditions, but the cell volume of the coccolithophore decreased substantially (4tiC%) under Fe-stressed conditions. The effect of nitrogen source (nitrate vs a m m o n~u m ) on the chlorophyll a (chl a), carbon ( C ) , and nitrogen ( N ) quotas of the oceanic dlatom Act~nocyclus sp. was also examined. Under Fe-stressed conditions when the energystress on the cells is the greatest, ammoni.urn-grown cells appeared to have a physiological advantage over nitrate-grown cells In this oceanic diatom. Ammonium-grown cells were able to maintain normal N and C quotas under Fe-stress, whereas nitrate-grown cells were not, resulting in an 80% reduction In N cell-' for nltrate grown cells under FP-stress. Also, In vlvo f1uo1-escence:chl a increased and chl a C decreased more drastically for nitrate-grown cells under Fc-stress than for ammonium-grown cells, indicating that nitrate-grown cells under Fe-stress are less capable of trapping and utilizing light energy. These findings support theoretical predictions based on Fe and energy requirements for nitrate versus ammonium utilization. Metal quotas (Fe, Mn, Zn) were measured simultaneously using cold-metal techniques to determine the metal content of the cells. There were no significant differences in metal to carbon ratios between nitrate and ammonium-grown cells under Fe-replete conditions. Under Festressed conditions, nitrate-grown cells had significantly higher Mn:C and significantly lower Zn:C ratios than ammonium-grown cells, but there was no observed difference in Fe quotas. In this study we observed that 2 different species of phytoplankton from the subarctic Pacific responded physiologically differently to s~milar Fe conditions. Our results suggest that the sol~tary, centric, 20 to 60 pm diameter oceanlc dlatorn would have a higher sinking rate than the oceanlc coccolithophore in the subarct~c Pacific, perhaps havlng implications for biogenic fluxes to depth. Moreover, our data indicate that thls diatom is probably utll~zing ammonium to mcet its nltrogen requlrements in situ under the low Fe conditlons found In the northeast subarctic Pacific. A c~~~~o c~c~u s s~.appears incapable of effectively chang111g its cell volume to help alleviate Fe-(and other nutnent) stress, whereas the coccolithophore can reduce ~t s cell volume substantially, allowing it to reduce its requlrements for N, C, and Fe. These physiological results help to explain phytoplankton c o m p o s~t~o n dynamics in the ...

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Effects of nitrogen source on the physiology and metal nutrition of Emiliania huxleyi grown under different iron and light conditions

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Interactive effects of increased pCO₂, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)

Interactive effects of increased pCO₂, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)

Response of coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi to elevated partial pressure of CO2 under nitrogen limitation

Effects of iron and nitrogen source on the sinking rate, physiology and metal composition of an oceanic diatom from the subarctic Pacific

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Effects of nitrogen source on the physiology and metal nutrition of Emiliania huxleyi grown under different iron and light conditions

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Interactive effects of increased pCO2, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)

Interactive effects of increased pCO2, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)

Response of coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi to elevated partial pressure of CO2 under nitrogen limitation

Effects of iron and nitrogen source on the sinking rate, physiology and metal composition of an oceanic diatom from the subarctic Pacific

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Interactive effects of increased pCO₂, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)

Interactive effects of increased pCO₂, temperature and irradiance on the marine coccolithophoreEmiliania huxleyi(Prymnesiophyceae)