Effects of nonimmersive virtual reality using Wii-Fit exercises on balance and cognition in Parkinson disease: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Patients’ compliance and receptivity to nonimmersive virtual reality (NIVR) can enhance their long-term exercise therapy compliance for neurological illnesses. Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) have age-standardized rates of disability, death, and prevalence that are rising the fastest; several researches have revealed that there is no known cure for PD at this time. Thus, the current study investigates how NIVR affects patients with PD using Wii-Fit exercises. Therefore, the present study investigates the effects of NIVR using Wii-Fit exercises among patients with PD. Materials and Methods: The population, intervention, comparison, outcome approach was used to select the research studies. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and ProQuest were checked for citations from 2012 to 2022. RevMan was used to analyze data. A fixed and random effects model was used to analyze the pooled effect size in terms of mean and standard deviation. The heterogeneity was calculated using the I2 statistic. Cochrane examined for bias in randomized controlled trials. Results: This review comprised 12 trials in total. Using the Berg Balance Scale, the pooled analysis showed statistically significant effects on the NIVR group (pooled standardized mean difference = 0.61 [95% confidence interval, 0.28–0.95]; I2 = 53%; P = .0003). The pooled effects of cognition showed nonsignificant effects of NIVR (pooled standardized mean difference = 0.15 [95% confidence interval, −0.21 to 0.51]; I2 = 0%; P = .41). Conclusions: The review suggests that NIVR is effective for balance rehabilitation but ineffective for cognitive improvement in patients with PD aged >18 to 85 years.