Effects of nutrients (phosphorous, nitrogen, and carbon) and zooplankton on bacterioplankton and phytoplankton—a seasonal study

Vrede, Katarina; Vrede, Tobias; Isaksson, Anneli; Karlsson, Andreas

doi:10.4319/lo.1999.44.7.1616

Cited by 84 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Latitude is also correlated with temperature, and in laboratory studies BP has been found to increase exponentially with temperature (Berggren et al 2010). PPr can also show a positive response to temperature, although this has not been as well documented as for bacteria (Vrede et al 1999). The response to temperature may, thus, be greater for BP than PPr; therefore, increasing temperatures may increase the BP : PPr ratio (Mü ren et al 2005;Hoppe et al 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of nutrients and physical lake characteristics on bacterial and phytoplankton production: A meta‐analysis

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Bergström

Vrede

2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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We performed a meta-analysis comprising field (300 studies) and experimental data (249 studies) from a wide range of lake trophic states and locations. We examined the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), carbon (dissolved organic matter [DOM]), temperature, latitude, and lake morphometry on the absolute and relative rates of phytoplankton primary production (PPr) and secondary bacterial production (BP). Areal and volumetric rates of PPr, BP, and BP : PPr were compared, and we analyzed differences between experimental and natural systems. Both field studies and experimental results showed agreement with regard to N and P as predictors of volumetric PPr and BP, respectively, despite the large variation in study duration, size, and nutrient addition rates in experimental systems. This indicates that bacteria and phytoplankton do not seem to be competing for the same nutrients. Areal measurements were more difficult to predict and were more dependent on physical lake characteristics than nutrients. Temperature was positively correlated with PPr, but not with BP. BP : PPr was stable across experiments regardless of N, P, DOM, or glucose additions. In contrast, BP : PPr ratios varied greatly in the field data set and were highest in systems with low total N and at high latitudes. This pattern was driven by reduced PPr, not BP; therefore, experimenters may need to manipulate PPr to change BP : PPr. Collectively, our results indicate that increased temperatures and N availability will lead to higher PPr and lower BP : PPr, potentially decreasing the importance of energy mobilized through the microbial food web on a global scale.

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confidence: 99%

Effects of nutrients and physical lake characteristics on bacterial and phytoplankton production: A meta‐analysis

Faithfull

Bergström

Vrede

2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Measurements of the concentration and sizes of suspended organic and inorganic particles in water systems are highly important for different ecological implications. Among them there are the seasonal production of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton (Vrede et al 1999) and the formation of aggregate accumulations (marine snow) in ocean midwaters (Honeyman and Santschi 1989;Macintyre et al 1995;Levi 1999). Also, some contaminants have affinity to suspended colloidal particles, which determine their spatial and temporal distribution (Krishnappan et al, personal communication;Santschi et al 1997) or the mass transport in water and waste water treatment plants (Dymaczewski 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Laser In Situ Scattering Instrument for Measuring Concentration of Phytoplankton, Purple Sulfur Bacteria, and Suspended Inorganic Sediments in Lakes

et al. 2001

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A laser in situ scattering and transmissometry (Lisst-100) probe has been used for estimating the particle-size distribution of phytopankton, purple photosynthetic sulphur bacteria (Chromatiaceae), and suspended inorganic sediments in different lakes. Results from Lisst-100 have been compared to laboratory measurements, such as those obtained by using a Galai laser size analyzer (GL), an optical microscope (OM), and a flow cytometer (FC). Although all of these instruments were shown to provide reliable values of the particle number concentration for the given populations, the Lisst-100 was the fastest and most reliable instrument because it did not require manipulation of the samples-which is not the case of GL, OM and FC instruments -and avoided the tedious procedure of microscopic counts. The total particle volume concentration results obtained with Lisst-100 differed from those obtained with GL for populations with large and porous aggregates, such as phytoplankton cells. The difference was attributed to the breakage of fragile algal aggregates resulting from the measuring procedure used by GL. Although for suspended sediment particles both instruments gave the same results for the total particle volume concentration, the particle-size distribution obtained with GL was found always shifted to smaller diameters than with Lisst-100, probably because inorganic sediment particles present compact aggregates. When these aggregates break, they split into a high number of small particles that contribute the same to the total volume concentration as the previous aggregates. Finally, results of the total particle volume concentration with Lisst-100 were in accordance with those obtained with GL for the Chromatiaceae population, because cells remained in a dispersed phase. A good correlation was found between the total particle volume concentration of Chromatiaceae measured with Lisst-100 and the concentration of bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a), which is the parameter habitually used to estimate the concentration of Chromatiaceae. Therefore, Lisst-100 was found to be a reliable instrument to estimate the Chromatiaceae concentration in aquatic ecosystems.

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“…It is now well established that stoichiometric constraints are important in regulating organism growth and nutrient cycling in food webs (Sterner and Elser 2002). In particular nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are both structurally and functionally important in all organisms (Sterner 1995;Elser et al 1996), often limiting primary and bacterial production (Vrede et al 1999) and consumer growth (Gulati and DeMott 1997;Elser et al 2000a;Ferrao-Filho et al 2007). Moreover, it has been shown that carbon (C) : N : P stoichiometry is related to the elevated protein synthesis during rapid growth due to allocation to P-rich ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA; Elser et al 1996Elser et al , 2000b.…”

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confidence: 99%

Living in transparent lakes: Low food P:C ratio decreases antioxidant response to ultraviolet radiation in Daphnia

Balseiro

Souza

Modenutti

et al. 2008

Limnology & Oceanography

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We experimentally tested the effect of food quality (phosphorus [P] : carbon [C] ratio) on the response of antioxidant enzymes to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in Daphnia commutata fed with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Algal cultures were grown at different concentrations of phosphorus and light intensities, resulting in significant differences in the P : C ratios (mmol P?[mmol C] 21 ; 6.05, 1.70, and 0.83). After 12 d of D. commutata growth under these three food quality treatments, we observed significant differences in individual biomass and protein content of Daphnia. Subsequently, we carried out an ultraviolet exposure experiment to determine if stoichiometric constraints imposed would limit enzymatic defenses against UVR oxidative stress. The UVR-exposure experiment consisted of a factorial design with three levels of food P : C (low, medium, and high) and two levels of UVR (exposed and protected). The activities of glutathione S-transferases (GST) and catalase (CAT), enzymes involved in protection and repair of damage caused by UVR, were determined. Enzyme activities in the animals exposed to or protected from UVR showed a direct relationship with food P : C ratio that fit exponential models. Although GST and CAT differed slightly in their response to UVR, both enzymes were significantly affected by food quality: In low P : C treatments, there was significantly lower enzyme activity in response to UVR for both enzymes. Low food quality (less P for biosynthesis) may also impose a weaker antioxidant response on the organisms, a response of considerable ecological relevance in transparent Andean lakes which combine high UVR intensities with low seston P : C ratios.

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Effects of nutrients (phosphorous, nitrogen, and carbon) and zooplankton on bacterioplankton and phytoplankton—a seasonal study

Abstract: The effects of inorganic nutrients (P and N), organic C, and metazoan zooplankton on bacterioplankton production and abundance and on phytoplankton biomass were studied in five experiments

Cited by 84 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of nutrients and physical lake characteristics on bacterial and phytoplankton production: A meta‐analysis

Effects of nutrients and physical lake characteristics on bacterial and phytoplankton production: A meta‐analysis

Evaluation of Laser In Situ Scattering Instrument for Measuring Concentration of Phytoplankton, Purple Sulfur Bacteria, and Suspended Inorganic Sediments in Lakes

Living in transparent lakes: Low food P:C ratio decreases antioxidant response to ultraviolet radiation in Daphnia

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