Effects of Parenteral Lipid Emulsions With Different Fatty Acid Composition on Immune Cell Functions In Vitro

Abstract

Our results suggest that an olive oil-based lipid emulsion could modulate immune response selectively, maintaining protective immunity and reducing inflammatory response. Olive oil may offer an immunologically neutral alternative to soybean oil for use in parenteral lipid emulsions.

Olive oil and immune system functions: potential involvement in immunonutrition

“…As a natural consequence, this event leads to an imbalanced synthesis of eicosanoids which affects many humoral and cellular immune functions (Goodwin and Ceupens, 1983). Nevertheless, some beneficial effects have shown the application of emulsions containing olive oil as alternative of soybean oil for the use in parenteral nutrition because an olive oil-based lipid emulsion offers protective immunity and reduces inflammatory response (Moussa, 2000;Granato, 2000). In fact, with the purpose of finding a lipid emulsion capable of protecting mononuclear phagocyte system functions, a recent study revealed that the administration of a lipid emulsion enriched with olive oil to animals infected with Escherichia coli is an efficient method for it (Garnacho-Montero, 2002).…”

Monounsaturated fatty acids and immune function

“…Proponents of emulsions containing olive oil suggest that it offers an immunologically neutral alternative to soybean oil for use in parenteral nutrition, with the potential benefit of some mild anti-inflammatory effects. While in vitro experiments and animal experiments support this idea (Moussa et al, 2000;Granato et al, 2000) there are, as yet, very few published clinical studies.…”

Biological and Clinical Significance of Lipids as Modulators of Immune System Functions

“…The changes attributed to fatty acid administration include the reduction of lymphocyte proliferation, which is modified by polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 or n-6) or monounsaturated fatty acids (n-9). Studies carried out in both humans and animals have revealed that the administration of high levels of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or the inclusion in parenteral regimens of lipid emulsions rich in n-3 or n-9 fatty acids are related to the reduction of lymphocyte proliferation during the supplementation (30,35,53,56,81). Thus, concanavalin-A or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated lymphocytes have reduced the cellular proliferation in assays carried out in vitro or ex vivo in the presence of free fatty acids or in cell cultures from both animals and humans fed dietary lipids, respectively (10,30).…”