Effects of pentachlorophenol on the quail ( Coturnix japonica ) liver detoxification pathway

Abstract

Pentachlorophenol (PCP), an extensively used pesticide and biocide, is of critical environmental concern due to its toxicity and recalcitrance to degradation. In this study, the effect of PCP on induction of transcription factors, cytochrome P450 (CYP450) genes, and the antioxidative enzyme system were investigated in the quail liver. A total of 60 (4- to 6-week-old) male quails (Coturnix japonica) were administered 0, 0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg/kg/d PCP orally for 42 d. Following exposure, both absolute and relative liver weights were significantly lower than those of the control. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, PCP accumulation was, from highest to lowest, kidney > liver > muscle for all exposure groups. The expressions of CYP1A5, CYP1B1, CYP2C18, nuclear translocator 1 (ARNT1), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 (AHR1) were induced after PCP treatment, and increases were found in the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and the content of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, exposure to PCP induced an increase in liver 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and significantly elevated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD), and 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD) activity, but decreased that of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), benzyloxyresorufin O-debenzylase (BROD), pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase (PROD), and erythromycin N-demethylase (END). No significant responses were observed for benzyloxy-trifluoromethyl-coumarin (BFC). The protein level of liver nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) was higher, whereas that of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was lower for exposed quail. These results suggest that PCP affects quail oxidative stress by modulating CYP450 enzymes and nuclear transcription factors.

Effects of catechin and copper or their combination in diet on productive performance, egg quality, egg shelf-life, plasma 8-OHdG concentrations and oxidative status in laying quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

“…Huang et al (2015) showed that heat exposure of broiler increased lipid peroxidation and 8-OHdG concentration in plasma. In another study, exposure to pentachlorophenol, which is an extensively used pesticide with toxicity, induced an increase in liver 8-OHdG concentration in quail (Jiang et al 2017). In the present study, plasma 8-OHdG concentrations did not change by supplementations of catechin, copper or their combination in laying quail diet.…”

“…The 8-OHdG, which is a critical biomarker of oxidative damage, permanently occurs to lipids of cellular membranes, proteins and DNA and carcinogenesis (Huang et al 2015;Jiang et al 2017). Huang et al (2015) showed that heat exposure of broiler increased lipid peroxidation and 8-OHdG concentration in plasma.…”

Atrazine Triggers Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Quail (Coturnix C. coturnix) Cerebrum via Activating Xenobiotic-Sensing Nuclear Receptors and Modulating Cytochrome P450 Systems

“…Furthermore, the reduced dopamine levels in the brain indicate that ATR affects the metabolism of dopamine, which results in neurodegenerative disorders . The cytochrome P450 system (CYP450s) belongs to a multigene family of heme proteins that, in addition to their role in the metabolism of xenobiotics (such as ATR) in hepatocytes, are also expressed in neurocytes. , Exogenous substances interact with the CYPs, generating oxidation products that cause biological macromolecules damage and then tissue injury. − It is generally known that the metabolism of xenobiotic via alterations in the CYP450s provides useful biomarkers to the field of ecotoxicology assays . Several reports support an emergent role of CYP450s in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders.…”

Antioxidant Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil Against Pentachlorophenol Toxicity in Rat Tissues

“…The most important target tissue is liver. Depending on the exposed dose, in addition to the some changes in the biochemical parameters, hepatic P450 enzyme activities, liver weight and in the liver microscopy are also observed (24,25,29,38,49). PCP has also toxic effects on kidneys.…”