Effects of phytogenic feed additive based on thymol, carvacrol and cinnamic aldehyde on body weight, blood parameters and environmental bacteria in broilers chickens

Reis, João H.; Gebert, Roger R.; Barreta, Marcos Henrique; Baldissera, Matheus D.; Santos, Ingrid Duarte dos; Wagner, Róger; Campigotto, Gabriela; Jaguezeski, Antonise M.; Gris, Anderson; Lima, Jéssica L.F. de; Mendes, Ricardo E.; Fracasso, Mateus; Boiago, Marcel Manente; Stefani, Lenita M.; Santos, Daiane S. dos; Robazza, Weber da Silva; Silva, Aleksandro S. Da

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2018.09.015

Cited by 73 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The current study findings indicated significant increases in RBC and WBC counts, and in Hb and PCV values. These outcomes are comparable with the results of Reis et al [ 49 ], who indicated that inclusion of phytobiotics such as cinnamic aldehyde, thymol, and carvacrol in broiler chickens significantly increased erythrocyte counts and haemoglobin in comparison with the control. Similar findings in another study were reported by Krauze et al [ 50 ], who studied the dietary effects of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (0.25 g/L) Enterococcus faecium (0.25 g/L), and phytobiotics containing cinnamon oil (0.25 mL/L) in broiler chickens and found improvements in the immune system and parameters such as RBCs and Hb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Inclusion of Different Doses of Persicaria odorata Leaf Meal (POLM) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Biochemical and Haematological Blood Indicators and Liver Histomorphological Changes

Basit

Kadir

Loh

et al. 2020

Animals

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This research was conducted to estimate the effects of Persicaria odorata leaf meal (POLM) on haematological indices, serum biochemical attributes, and internal organs parameters, including histomorphological features of the liver, in broiler chickens. A total of 120 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb-500) were randomly allocated into four experimental groups. The dietary treatments were basal diet (BD), which served as the control (C), along with BD + 2 g/kg POLM (Po2), BD + 4 g/kg POLM (Po4), BD + 8 g/kg POLM (Po8), which were the supplemented groups. The body weight gain (BWG) showed a linear increase and feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed a linear decrease with increasing POLM dosage at day 42 (p ˂ 0.05) and for the overall growth performance period (p ˂ 0.01). On day 21 and day 42, the values of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), haemoglobin (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV) showed linear increases (p ˂0.05) as the dosage of POLM increased in the diet. On day 21, dietary supplementation of POLM linearly decreased (p ˂ 0.05) the serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), and serum levels of urea and creatinine. On the other hand, serum levels of total protein (TP), albumin, and globulin showed a linear increase (p ˂ 0.05) as the POLM dosage increased. On day 42, the serum activity of AST and ALT and serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and creatinine showed linear decreases (p ˂ 0.05) with increased levels of POLM in the diet. However, POLM supplementation linearly increased (p ˂ 0.05) the serum levels of TP and globulin. Dietary inclusion of POLM did not influence the organ parameters and showed no adverse effects on the liver histomorphology. In conclusion, supplementation of POLM increased the growth performance, improving haematological indices and serum biochemistry profiles of broiler chickens without any deleterious effects on the liver histomorphology. The results of the present study provide evidence that POLM can be safely used at a dose rate of 8 g/kg of feed as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Inclusion of Different Doses of Persicaria odorata Leaf Meal (POLM) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Biochemical and Haematological Blood Indicators and Liver Histomorphological Changes

Basit

Kadir

Loh

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Our results agree with the previous investigations, which used menthol, anethol, and eugenol sources of FA [58][59][60]. In contrast to our findings, Reis et al [61] reported a significant reduction in serum concentration of TP and GLO in broilers fed FA containing diets. The authors linked this reduction in serum protein levels to the lower immune response evidenced by lower lymphocyte count.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impacts of Strain Variation on Response to Heat Stress and Boldo Extract Supplementation to Broiler Chickens

Ghanima

Bin-Jumah

Abdel-Moneim

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple Summary: One of the common approaches to alleviating heat-stress in poultry is nutritional manipulation using herbal extracts or their derivatives to maintain the health, welfare, and performance of birds. The present study investigated the protective effect of boldo leaf extract against the harmful effects of cyclic heat stress in two broiler strains (Arbor Acres; AA and Avian-48; AV). Administration of boldo in drinking water was able to restore growth and health traits to nearly normal values. Generally, AA chicks were better able to withstand heat stress and were also more likely to utilize boldo extract than AV chicks. The use of boldo leaf extract in poultry production can assist in mitigating the effect of heat stress, improving the antioxidant defense system, and increasing productivity and profitability.Abstract: There is increasing interest in the use of natural antioxidant supplements in poultry diets as protection against the adverse effects of heat stress. The potential protective effect of boldo (Peumus boldus molina) leaf extract, which have antioxidant activity, were investigated against the harmful effects of heat stress in two broiler strains. Arbor Acres (AA) and Avian-48 (AV) chicks were divided into thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) groups and treated with 1 g boldo leaf extract/4 L drinking water during the heat stress period. HS reduced growth performance in both strains. The phagocytic index, phagocytic activity, and eosinophil and lymphocytes counts were significantly elevated in TN and HS AV birds but not altered in AA birds. Boldo extract treatment partially eliminated the previous negative impacts of heat stress. AA chicks were better able to withstand HS than AV chicks. Serum concentrations of total lipids and cholesterol were reduced in HS birds of both strains. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels were elevated but restored with the administration of boldo leaf extract in HS birds of both strains. Economic parameters were negatively affected by HS but restored to values close to those of the control group in boldo-treated HS birds. In conclusion, the administration of boldo leaf extract in drinking water was effective in neutralizing the harmful effects of heat stress on growth performance, blood indices, and economic parameters and improved the antioxidant defense system in heat-stressed birds.

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“…Increased levels of the enzyme ALP can also represent hepatic involvement, although this enzyme is not sensitive to a diagnosis because of its low activity in hepatobiliary tissue (Campbell, 2007). Reis et al (2018) found no differences in the AST or ALT activities of broilers supplemented with a phytogenic additive composed of carvacrol, thymol, and cinemaldehyde. Carvacrol, the major constituent of oregano essential oil, exhibits hepatoprotective activity (Alagawany et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Oregano essential oil in the diet of broilers: performance, carcass characteristics, and blood parameters

Eler¹,

Gomes²,

Trindade³

et al. 2019

SA J. An. Sci.

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Efficacy of the phytogenic feed additive oregano essential oil (OEO) (Origanum vulgare L.) was assessed as an alternative to an antibiotic as a growth promoter (AGP) in broiler diets. Three hundred male broiler chicks were assigned to five treatments, which consisted of diets with different levels of OEO (300, 600, and 900 mg/kg of diet), a negative control, and a positive control. Broiler performance was evaluated from 1 to 21 and 1 to 39 days old. From 1 to 39 days old, the broilers of the negative control group presented lower feed intake than those fed OEO300. No significant effect was observed on weight gain. The greatest feed conversion ratio occurred in the positive control group. Broilers treated with OEO300 had greater carcass yield than those in the positive control group. The haemogram, leukogram, and heterophil/lymphocyte ratio were positively influenced by OEO300. Red blood cell and leukocyte counts increased in a dose-dependent manner in broilers fed OEO-supplemented diets, while broilers in the positive control group had the lowest levels of haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, and plasma protein. Differential leukometry revealed lymphocyte numbers were increased with OEO treatment and reduced in the positive control group. For hepatic and renal metabolism, the broilers in the positive control group exhibited the greatest serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Although more studies on its efficacy are needed, OEO at 300 mg/kg may be used as a phytogenic additive in broiler diets, especially those without AGP.

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Effects of phytogenic feed additive based on thymol, carvacrol and cinnamic aldehyde on body weight, blood parameters and environmental bacteria in broilers chickens

Cited by 73 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Inclusion of Different Doses of Persicaria odorata Leaf Meal (POLM) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Biochemical and Haematological Blood Indicators and Liver Histomorphological Changes

Effects of Inclusion of Different Doses of Persicaria odorata Leaf Meal (POLM) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Biochemical and Haematological Blood Indicators and Liver Histomorphological Changes

Impacts of Strain Variation on Response to Heat Stress and Boldo Extract Supplementation to Broiler Chickens

Oregano essential oil in the diet of broilers: performance, carcass characteristics, and blood parameters

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