Effects of Polylactide Copolymer Implants and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Bone Regeneration within a Large Calvarial Defect in Sheep

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify whether L-lactide/DL-lactide copolymer 80/20 (PLDLLA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) trigger bone formation within critical-sized calvarial defects in adult sheep (n = 6). Two craniectomies, each ca. 3 cm in diameter, were created in each animal. The first craniectomy was protected with an inner polylactide membrane, filled with PRP-polylactide granules, and covered with outer polylactide membrane. The second control craniectomy was left untreated. The animals were euthanized at 6, 7, 17, 19, 33, and 34 weeks after surgery, and the quality and the rate of reossification were assessed histomorphometrically and microtomographically. The study demonstrated that application of implants made of PLDLLA 80/20 combined with an osteopromotive substance (e.g., PRP) may promote bone healing in large calvarial defect in sheep. These promising proof-of-concept studies need to be verified in the future on a larger cohort of animals and over a longer period of time in order to draw definitive conclusions.

Autogenous bone particles combined with platelet‑rich plasma can stimulate bone regeneration in rabbits

“…Tajima et al ( 21 ) reported that adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) combined with PRP exhibited an augmentative effect on bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model. Moreover, Blaszczyk et al ( 25 ) suggested that a combination of poly(L/DL-lactide) 80/20 and PRP may promote bone regeneration in a large sheep calvarial defect. Furthermore, Qi et al ( 26 ) proposed the use of BMSC/PRP gel/calcium phosphate particles as a treatment strategy for bone defect repair in patients.…”

Poly‐L‐lactide scaffolds with super pores obtained by freeze‐extraction method

“…Under clinical conditions, an increased absorbability may lead to an increased absorbability of stem cells and/or growth factors. The resulting scaffold can be used as a carrier for platelet rich plasma to regenerate spongy bone defects caused by surgery (ligament reconstruction, tumor removal) or osteoporosis (Błaszczyk et al, 2018; Ficek et al, 2015). Cellular studies show that the formed scaffold is biocompatible and indicate a potential use of EE100 as a scaffold excipient in tissue engineering.…”

“…PLA is biologically neutral, which is beneficial from the viewpoint of immune response. However, its hydrophobic nature impedes colonization of the 3D implant by stem cells in the culture medium or by growth factors (e.g., in the form of platelet‐rich plasma, PRP) (Błaszczyk et al, 2018). PLA is a hydrophobic polymer, so it is often combined with hydrophilic materials to increase the cell adhesion to the substrate.…”

An overview of de novo bone generation in animal models

“…Lapin >Ø 6 59,60 Canine 20 61,62 Ovine >30 [63][64][65] Porcine >Ø 10 66,67 Bone composition similar to human 2…”