Effects of rainfall patterns on runoff and soil erosion in field plots

Mohamadi, Mohamad Ayob; Kavian, Ataollah

doi:10.1016/j.iswcr.2015.10.001

Cited by 220 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This phenomenon occurred because rainfall and vegetation coverage mainly affect the dynamic changes in soil erosion in Yinjiang County. On the one hand, rainfall decreased yearly from 1121.03 mm in 2000 to 734.39 mm in 2013 in the study period, which led to a weakening of rainfall erosion (Mohamadi and Kavian, 2015). On the other hand, Yinjiang County has a wide range of farmland returning to forests and closed forest projects, so vegetation management and soil and water conservation measures in the study area correspondingly changed.…”

Section: Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics Of Soil Erosionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Soil erosion evolution and spatial correlation analysis in a typical karst geomorphology using RUSLE with GIS

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Although some scholars have studied soil erosion in karst landforms, analyses of the spatial and temporal evolution of soil erosion and correlation analyses with spatial elements have been insufficient. The lack of research has led to an inaccurate assessment of environmental effects, especially in the mountainous area of Wuling in China. Soil erosion and rocky desertification in this area influence the survival and sustainability of a population of 0.22 billion people. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of soil erosion and explores its relationship with rocky desertification using GIS technology and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). Furthermore, this paper analyzes the relationship between soil erosion and major natural elements in southern China. The results are as follows: (1) from 2000 to 2013, the proportion of the area experiencing micro-erosion and mild erosion was at increasing risk in contrast to areas where moderate and high erosion are decreasing. The area changes in this time sequence reflect moderate to high levels of erosion tending to convert into micro-erosion and mild erosion. (2) The soil erosion area on the slope, at 15-35 • , accounted for 60.59 % of the total erosion area, and the corresponding soil erosion accounted for 40.44 %. (3) The annual erosion rate in the karst region decreased much faster than in the non-karst region. Soil erosion in all of the rock outcrop areas indicates an improving trend, and dynamic changes in soil erosion significantly differ among the various lithological distribution belts. (4) The soil erosion rate decreased in the rocky desertification regions, to below moderate levels, but increased in the severe rocky desertification areas. The temporal and spatial variations in soil erosion gradually decreased in the study area. Differences in the spatial distribution between lithology and rocky desertification induced extensive soil loss. As rocky desertification became worse, the erosion modulus decreased and the decreasing rate of annual erosion slowed.

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Section: Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics Of Soil Erosionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Soil erosion evolution and spatial correlation analysis in a typical karst geomorphology using RUSLE with GIS

et al. 2017

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“…The spatial variability and the temporal changes of soil erosion are very high on a sloping area. In addition, vegetation, slope and soil type play an important role in soil erosion (Cerda 2015;Mohammadi and Kavian 2015). Soil erosion on agricultural land mostly occurs due to the loss of soil organic matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Conservation by Vegetative Systems in Oil Palm Cultivation

Satriawan

Fuady

Mayani

2017

pjss

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In Indonesia, agricultural land for oil palm plantation is mostly placed on slope areas. Erosion carries down surface soil layers which are generally fertile and rich in organic matter and nutrients, causing the loss of plant nutrients. Cover crops provide protection against the destruction of soil aggregates by rain and runoff. This research aims to study the effectiveness of vegetation as soil conservation in controlling erosion and runoff. This study was a field experiment on erosion plots of 10 m × 5 m with 1-2-year-old oil palm trees planted on a 15-40% slope, which were arranged in a Split Plot Design with replications as blocks, consisting of a combination of two factors: the age of the oil palm and slope as the first factor, and conservation techniques as a second factor. The results showed that the soil conservation techniques in oil palm cultivation could reduce the rate of surface runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss. Soil conservation with upland rice -soybean -Mucuna bracteata, in sequence (T3) in oil palm 7-25 months old and 15-25% slopes (P1) were most effective reduced runoff, increase the infiltration and preventing soil erosion and nutrient loss in all age of oil palm and slope of land.

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“…Soil degradation due to rain [29] first involves the splash erosion that occurs when raindrops hit bare soil and is followed by runoff with sheet erosion (soil removal in thin layers by shallow surface flow), rill erosion (shallow drainage lines less than 30 cm deep), gully erosion (channels deeper than 30 cm that cannot be removed by normal cultivation), and tunnel erosion, which occurs when surface water moves into and through dispersive subsoils [30,31].…”

Section: Soil Texture Structure and Field Hydraulic Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Management for Enhancing Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses—Drought, Salinity, Hypoxia, and Lodging

2017

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Abiotic stresses are currently responsible for significant losses in quantity and reduction in quality of global crop productions. In consequence, resilience against such stresses is one of the key aims of farmers and is attained by adopting both suitable genotypes and management practices. This latter aspect was reviewed from an agronomic point of view, taking into account stresses due to drought, water excess, salinity, and lodging. For example, drought tolerance may be enhanced by using lower plant density, anticipating the sowing or transplant as much as possible, using grafting with tolerant rootstocks, and optimizing the control of weeds. Water excess or hypoxic conditions during winter and spring can be treated with nitrate fertilizers, which increase survival rate. Salinity stress of sensitive crops may be alleviated by maintaining water content close to the field capacity by frequent and low-volume irrigation. Lodging can be prevented by installing shelterbelts against dominant winds, adopting equilibrated nitrogen fertilization, choosing a suitable plant density, and optimizing the management of pests and biotic diseases harmful to the stability and mechanic resistance of stems and roots.

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Effects of rainfall patterns on runoff and soil erosion in field plots

Cited by 220 publications

References 26 publications

Soil erosion evolution and spatial correlation analysis in a typical karst geomorphology using RUSLE with GIS

Soil erosion evolution and spatial correlation analysis in a typical karst geomorphology using RUSLE with GIS

Soil Conservation by Vegetative Systems in Oil Palm Cultivation

Agronomic Management for Enhancing Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses—Drought, Salinity, Hypoxia, and Lodging

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