Effects of Recurrent Acute Otitis Media on Cortical Speech-Sound Processing in 2-Year Old Children

Abstract

The results suggest that childhood RAOM does not affect the central auditory pathway integrity or sound encoding. However, RAOM may lead to aberrant preattentive discrimination of sound features even when the peripheral auditory input is normal. These results are clinically significant because even transient problems with auditory processing may delay language development.

Auditory temporal abilities in children with history of recurrent otitis media in the first years of life and persistent in preschool and school ages

“…However, the results of the latency of P1 and N1 registers did not differentiate the groups with and without ROME at 2 years of age (33) . Another late potential study in children with a history of ROME is the Mismatch Negativity, whose results showed no variations of registers in the CG; for example, against the deviant stimulus of frequency, the group with a history of ROME showed greater lateralization of registers in the left hemisphere, with greater amplitude, whereas the CG presented lateralization on the right hemisphere (33) . The authors name this response atypical pre-attentive auditory discrimination and hypothesized its occurrence as a cortical compensation to the input signal degraded by otitis.…”

“…Neuroplasticity is a biological response, and there are several factors that contribute to its occurrence, including age and the etiology of the disorder that affected the central nervous system. Thus, it is assumed that children with ROME have neural resources for new connections for processing the auditory information (33) and present unique opportunities for the auditory functional recovery, as this condition occurs most frequently in the first years of life and decreases with increasing age (1) , which is an important factor, because the maturation of ACNS extends up to the age of 12 to 14 years (30) . Results showing that children in the SG improved their test scores as a function of increasing age may be related to a delay in the development of abilities that constitute the auditory temporal processing (30,31) .…”

“…In any case, it is important to note that changes in the late auditory evoked potential suggest the involvement of cortical structures (30) , in the same way as the behavioral tests that assess temporal processing (16,24) . Regarding the absence of corroboration of these electrophysiological results in the population with ROME (13,33) , it is prudent to primarily consider the differences in the acoustic characteristics of the stimuli (speech versus specific frequency) and analysis parameters (amplitude versus latency). Another important consideration is the age at which children were assessed (2, 3, 4, and 5 years).…”

Aplicabilidade do Mismatch Negativity na população infantil: revisão sistemática de literatura

“…The participants' ages ranged from 2 months (23) to 12 years of age (4,12,19,22,35,37) . Regarding the parameters used to perform the MMN, most of the research used the speech stimulus (4,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)30,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36) and other studies opted to perform the MMN with tone burst stimulus (12,19,22,(27)(28)(29)31,(37)(38)(39) . Regarding the tone burst stimulus, it was verified that some studies evaluated with frequency variation (12,(27)(28)(29)31,(37)(38)(39) and 1, by duration and frequency (19) .…”

“…were written in the English language and no studies were written in Spanish. Regarding the place of publication, most articles, totaling 6 (21,28,35,36,38,39) , were developed in Finland. Three articles were written in Brazil (4,12,19) , 3 in the Netherlands (20,23,25) , 3 in the United States (31,32,34) and 3 in France (26,29,30) .…”