Effects of reprocessing on the structure and properties of polyamide 6 nanocomposites

Goitisolo, I.; Eguiazábal, J. I.; Nazábal, J.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.07.030

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Correlation among different natural fiber blend contents was not possible, and from a practical standpoint, this result suggests that the incorporation of natural fiber does not affect the Tm of the PA 6. Similar results were also reported by Kiziltas et al (2011), Goitisolo et al (2008, and Cho and Paul (2001) for PA6/filler composites. In addition, the enthalpies of crystallization, ∆Hc, of natural fiber blend-Nylon 6 composites decreased as the natural fiber content increased ( Table 2).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Thermal Analysis of Polyamide 6 Composites Filled by Natural Fiber Blend

Kiziltas¹,

Han²,

Kızıltaş³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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aThis study describes changes in the viscoelastic and thermal properties of composites made with various percentages (up to 20 wt.%) of a natural fiber blend (a mixture of flax, kenaf, and hemp fibers) and polyamide 6 (PA 6). According to the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses, the incorporation of natural fibers produced minor changes in the glass transition (Tg), melting (Tm), and crystallization temperature (Tc) of the PA 6 composites. Because of the reinforcing effect of natural fibers, the storage modulus (E') from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) increased as the natural fiber content increased. The E' values at room temperature and Tg were 3960 MPa and 1800 MPa, respectively, with the incorporation 20 wt.% fiber, which were 68% and 193% higher than the E' value of neat PA 6. As the natural fiber content increased, the thermal stability of the composites decreased, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the onset temperature of rapid thermal degradation decreased from around 440 (neat PA 6) to 420 °C (20 wt.% natural fiber blend). The addition of 20 wt.% single type fibers showed comparable DSC and TG results to the incorporation of 20 wt.% natural fiber blends.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Thermal Analysis of Polyamide 6 Composites Filled by Natural Fiber Blend

Kiziltas¹,

Han²,

Kızıltaş³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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“…The supplementary stresses induced on the composite by multiple reprocessing allow yet a further dispersion of the MMT filler with consequently a higher intercalation level. This enhancement in interlayer distance by multiple processing has also been reported in other polymeric matrices by other authors; for example in a polyamide-polyethylene blend [32], poly (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) [20] and polyamide [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The shorter polymer chains can form crystals more easily and thus the crystallinity increases. This phenomenon has been previously described in the literature [16,23]. Table 3.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 74%

“…A literature review shows that different polymer matrices for the reprocessing of nanocomposites have been studied such as polyethylene [13,14], polyamide [15][16][17][18], poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) [19] and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene [20]. These studies indicate the possibility for material reprocessing in order to enhance their properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

et al. 2014

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Nanocomposites have attracted a great deal of interest during recent years. Much research has been conducted towards the incorporation of clay particles in a polypropylene matrix. However, the effect of extrusion reprocessing on the material properties has not been studied in depth. In this study, composites of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with organic modified montmorillonite (MMT) (4 wt%) and coupling agent were subjected to 15 extrusion cycles. The materials were characterized by melt flow index (MFI), plate-plate rheometry, tensile testing and impact measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed an improved intercalation of the MMT clay in the first few extrusions, thus improving the mechanical properties. Increasing the processing steps furthermore lead to a decrease in elastic modulus and impact strength, which was attributed to a reduction in matrix-filler interaction, most probably caused by organoclay degradation as shown by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of this study provide a useful insight in either the recycling of PP/MMT waste streams or the use of clay particles as a strengthening filler agent in the recycling process of different polymer waste streams.

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“…Additionally, the sample with 1% of fullerene C 60 also contained ARMOSLIP E (0.05%) which acted as a plasticizer. The difference in the properties of neat PA6 synthesized by us [8] and commercial 32 used as the choice of polymer for extrusion can be related to effect of reprocessing [14].…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric relaxation of fulleroid materials filled PA6 composites and the study of its mechanical performance

Sinitsin¹,

Zuev²

2015

Nanosist.: fiz. him. mat.

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The effect of fulleroid materials (fullerene C 60 and fullerene soot which is used for fullerenes production) on the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites based on polyamide 6 (PA6) was investigated. Composites were synthesized by direct mixing in an extruder. Dielectric spectroscopy was used to investigate the influence of nanoparticles on relaxation processes in the polymer matrix. It is found that the segmental relaxation processes becomes faster with the addition of fullerene C 60 . In contrast, the secondary processes of PA6/fullerene C 60 nanocomposites were observed to slow down with the addition of fullerene C 60 . This means that the local 'molecular stiffness' is increased, and a phenomenological link between the secondary relaxation times and the mechanical properties explains the increase in the Young's modulus of the nanocomposites upon the addition of C 60 . These observations suggest that nanoparticles can have a qualitatively different effect on the matrix polymer dynamics at different length scales, and caution must be taken in comparing the changes in the dynamics associated with different relaxation processes.

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Effects of reprocessing on the structure and properties of polyamide 6 nanocomposites

Cited by 54 publications

References 36 publications

Thermal Analysis of Polyamide 6 Composites Filled by Natural Fiber Blend

Thermal Analysis of Polyamide 6 Composites Filled by Natural Fiber Blend

The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

Dielectric relaxation of fulleroid materials filled PA6 composites and the study of its mechanical performance

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