Effects of resistance exercise volume and nutritional supplementation on anabolic and catabolic hormones

Abstract

Seven resistance-trained men performed six bouts of resistance exercise, each separated by at least 1 week, in a crossover design. High, moderate and low volumes of exercise were used, each performed twice and followed immediately post-exercise by either a placebo or carbohydrate-protein supplementation. All bouts of resistance exercise were performed using a load equal to 100% of each subject's ten-repetition maximum (10-RM), and all rest periods between sets of exercise were 1 min. Blood was obtained before and at intervals after exercise until 120 min post-exercise. Lactate levels were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated immediately post-exercise, and to a significantly greater extent after the greatest volume of exercise. Levels of growth hormone rose significantly after the greatest volume of exercise only. Those of insulin and glucose rose significantly after supplementation only. Cortisol levels tended to be higher after the greatest volume of exercise, but the differences were not significant. Supplementation had no effect on the lactate, growth hormone or cortisol responses to resistance exercise. The data indicate that volume of exercise and protein-carbohydrate supplementation can alter the metabolic and hormonal responses to resistance exercise independently. However, cortisol levels remain high after a high volume of resistance exercise, irrespective of whether a post-exercise carbohydrate-protein supplement is used.

Ghrelin and glucoregulatory hormone responses to a single circuit resistance exercise in male college students

“…These discrepancies can be explained by intersets resting period, intensity, volume, number of exercise, and sets [38,41,42,43].…”

Influence of glutamine on the effect of resistance exercise on cardiac ANP in rats

“…In addition to feeding, various nutritional supplements (herbs, vitamins, and micronutrients) improve responses and adaptations to resistance exercise. Nutritional supplements such as creatine, l-carnitine and l-glutamine positively affect strength development and resistance exercise recovery (Williams et al, 2002;Kraemer and Volek, 1998;Kraemer et al, 2007;Rawson and Volek, 2003;Volek and Rawson, 2002;Cermak et al, 2012;Wax et al, 2012). One of these nutritional supplements, glutamine have been widely used by athletes (Mero et al, 2009).…”

A Comparison of Workload Quantification Methods in Relation to Physiological Responses to Resistance Exercise

“…Blood lactate has previously been linked to intensity (%1RM) and total work across various training modes including RE (6,34,40). Cortisol is also altered by various RE training modes and strongly associated with changes in intensity, volume, and workload (35,10,24,1,47,51,42), and may also reflect stress accumulated outside of training (29,14,8,20). Therefore, lactate and cortisol are appropriate variables against which to compare internal workload quantification methods.…”