Effects of source/sink manipulation on net photosynthetic rate and photosynthate partitioning during grain filling in winter wheat

Wang, Z.; Fu, J.; He, Miaohong; Tian, Qingsong; Cao, Haishun

doi:10.1023/a:1001076125525

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, the source-sink relationship for yield in crops is not static and is influenced by both genotype and external environmental factors [ 11 ]. Variation of environmental factors is the major cause for different yields [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation Effects of Water and Nitrogen on the Source-Sink Relationship in Potato during the Tuber Bulking Stage

Xiong

Wang

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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The source-sink relationship determines crop yield, and it is largely regulated by water and nutrients in agricultural production. This has been widely investigated in cereals, but fewer studies have been conducted in root and tuber crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The objective of this study was to investigate the source-sink relationship in potato and the regulation of water and nitrogen on the source-sink relationship during the tuber bulking stage. A pot experiment using virus-free plantlets of the Atlantic potato cultivar was conducted, using three water levels (50%, 70% and 90% of field capacity) and three nitrogen levels (0, 0.2, 0.4 g N∙kg−1 soil). The results showed that, under all water and nitrogen levels, plant source capacity were small at the end of the experiment, since photosynthetic activity in leaves were low and non-structural reserves in underground stems were completely remobilized. While at this time, there were very big differences in maximum and minimum tuber number and tuber weight, indicating that the sink tuber still had a large potential capacity to take in assimilates. These results suggest that the source-supplied assimilates were not sufficient enough to meet the demands of sink growth. Thus, we concluded that, unlike cereals, potato yield is more likely to be source-limited than sink-limited during the tuber bulking stage. Water and nitrogen are two key factors in potato production management. Our results showed that water level, nitrogen level and the interaction between water and nitrogen influence potato yield mainly through affecting source capacity via the net photosynthetic rate, total leaf area and leaf life span. Well-watered, sufficient nitrogen and well-watered combined with sufficient nitrogen increased yield mainly by enhancing the source capacity. Therefore, this suggests that increasing source capacity is more crucial to improve potato yield.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation Effects of Water and Nitrogen on the Source-Sink Relationship in Potato during the Tuber Bulking Stage

Xiong

Wang

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…The wheat grain yield mainly depends on the sink-source relationships under different environments formation, translocation, partitioning and accumulation of (Alam et al, 2008;Shekoofa and Emam, 2008). assimilates during grain filling period (Emam and Manipulation of the source-sink ratio in wheat by artificial Seghatoleslami, 2005;Wang et al, 1997). Also, reduction in grain number per spike (Borras et al, 2004; photosynthetic activity of source (leaves) and storage Ma et al, 1990), defoliation (Bijanzadeh and Emam, 2010; ability of the sink (grains) after anthesis are the main Ahmadi et al, 2009) or use of chloromequat chloride factors limiting wheat grain yield (Zhenlin et al, 1998;(Shekoofa and Emam, 2008;Emam and Dastfal, 1997) has Ma et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Defoliation and Drought Stress on Yield Components and Chlorophyll Content of Wheat

Bijanzadeh

Emam²

2010

Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences

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In order to examine the effects of source restriction and drought stress on yield components, flag leaf chlorophyll content and Relative Water Content (RWC) of wheat cultivars, a greenhouse experiment was carried out at Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, during 2009-2010. The wheat cultivars including Shiraz, Bahar, Pishtaz, Sistan and Yavaros were sown in 5 kg plastic pots. The source manipulation treatments including control (C), defoliation of all leaves (D1), defoliation of all leaves except the flag leaf (D2) and defoliation of all leaves except the flag leaf and penultimate leaf (D3), were imposed at anthesis. Results showed that source restriction decreased number of grain per spike significantly in Shiraz cultivar under drought stress condition. Maximum 100-grain weight was observed in C treatment of Yavaros and Shiraz under well-watered condition. Among the defoliation treatments under drought stress condition, D2 in Pishtaz and D1 in Shiraz had the highest (3.66 g) and lowest (2.71 g) 100 grain weight, respectively. In all cultivars drought stress decreased main shoot yield significantly but in Pishtaz and Sistan decreasing rate was less than the other cultivars. RWC in Shiraz decreased sharply from 92.1% in well-watered to 66.7% (27.5% reduction) under drought stress at 10 DAA. After anthesis, Pishtaz and Sistan maintained higher content of flag leaf chlorophyll (from 49.4 to 56.8 SPAD unit) under drought stress condition. Generally, selection and culture of cultivars that had small responses to defoliation might be a useful strategy in yield improvement of wheat in areas where the water availability is low.

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“…In contrast, reducing fruit load in tomato caused increased photoassimilate availability in the plant and increased growth rates in all remaining plant organs, indicating a source limitation (Baldet et al 2006). In pearl millet a correlation exists for leaf area and seed yield (Joshi et al 2003), consistent with limiting source capacity, while in wheat, sink capacity of grains limits assimilate supply in certain cultivars under optimal growing conditions (Wang et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evidence against sink limitation by the sucrose‐to‐starch route in potato plants expressing fructosyltransferases

Zuther¹,

Hoermiller²,

Heyer³

2011

Physiologia Plantarum

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To investigate whether the route from sucrose to starch limits sink strength of potato tubers, we established an additional storage carbohydrate pool and analyzed allocation of imported assimilates to the different pools. Tuber specific expression of the fructan biosynthetic enzymes of globe artichoke resulted in accumulation of fructans to about 5% of the starch level, but did not increase tuber dry weight per plant. While partial repression of starch synthesis caused yield reduction in wild-type plants, it stimulated fructan accumulation, and yield losses were ameliorated in tubers expressing fructosyltransferases. However, a nearly complete block of the starch pathway by inhibition of sucrose synthase could not be compensated by the fructan pathway. Although fructan concentrations rose, yield reduction was even enhanced, probably because of a futile cycle of fructan synthesis and degradation by invertase, which is induced when sucrose synthase is knocked out. The data do not support a limitation of sink strength by enzyme activities of the starch pathway but point to an energy limitation of storage carbohydrate formation in potato tubers.

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Effects of source/sink manipulation on net photosynthetic rate and photosynthate partitioning during grain filling in winter wheat

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Regulation Effects of Water and Nitrogen on the Source-Sink Relationship in Potato during the Tuber Bulking Stage

Regulation Effects of Water and Nitrogen on the Source-Sink Relationship in Potato during the Tuber Bulking Stage

Effect of Defoliation and Drought Stress on Yield Components and Chlorophyll Content of Wheat

Evidence against sink limitation by the sucrose‐to‐starch route in potato plants expressing fructosyltransferases

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