Effects of Soy Protein Containing of Isoflavones and Isoflavones Extract on Plasma Lipid Profile in Postmenopausal Women as a Potential Prevention Factor in Cardiovascular Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Barańska, Agnieszka; Błaszczuk, Agata; Kanadys, Wiesław; Baczewska, Bożena; Jędrych, Marian; Wawryk‐Gawda, Ewelina; Polz‐Dacewicz, Małgorzata

doi:10.3390/nu13082531

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(336 reference statements)

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“…For RCTs using soy protein as plant protein source, we included only RCTs intervening soy with zero or low isoflavone content and excluded those with moderate or high isoflavone content. For interventions using soy protein with different levels of isoflavones, only the group with the lowest isoflavone content was included to discount effects of isoflavones and focus on those of the protein ( 16 ). Outcomes included CVD (mortality and incidence), T2D, and related cardiometabolic risk factors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal versus plant-based protein and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies

Lamberg‐Allardt

Bärebring

Arnesen

et al. 2023

Food & Nutrition Research

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Objectives: To systematically review the evidence on the effect of replacing the intake of animal protein with plant protein on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their intermediate risk factors. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to 12th May 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective cohort studies that investigated replacement of animal protein with plant protein from foods. Outcomes were CVDs, T2D, and in RCTs also the effects on blood lipids, glycemic markers, and blood pressure. Risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane’s RoB2, ROBINS-I, and USDA’s RoB-NObS tools. Random-effects meta-analyses assessed the effects of plant vs. animal proteins on blood lipids in RCTs. The evidence was appraised according to the World Cancer Research Fund’s criteria. Results: After screening 15,090 titles/abstracts, full text of 124 papers was scrutinized in detail, from which 13 RCTs and seven cohort studies were included. Eight of the RCTs had either some concern or high risk of bias, while the corresponding evaluation of cohort studies resulted in moderate risk of bias for all seven. Meta-analyses of RCTs suggested a protective effect on total cholesterol (mean difference -0.11 mmol/L; 95% CI -0.22, -0.01) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-0.14 mmol/L; 95% CI -0.25, -0.02) by replacing animal protein with plant protein. The substitution of animal protein with plant protein (percentage of energy intake) in cohort studies was associated with lower CVD mortality (n = 4) and lower T2D incidence (n = 2). The evidence was considered limited-suggestive for both outcomes. Conclusion: Evidence that the substitution of animal protein with plant protein reduces risk of both CVD mortality and T2D incidence is limited-suggestive. Replacing animal protein with plant protein for aspects of sustainability may also be a public health strategy to lower the risk of CVD mortality and T2D.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal versus plant-based protein and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies

Lamberg‐Allardt

Bärebring

Arnesen

et al. 2023

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…Phytochemicals with present antioxidant properties are vitamins A, C, and E, selenium, zinc, carotenoids, flavonoids, and several other phenolic compounds [45]. Besides that, the use of isoflavones can be effective in correction and improving the lipid profile and metabolism in postmenopausal women and could favorably prevent cardiovascular events [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Inflammatory Markers and Metabolic Syndrome in Postmenopausal Women

et al. 2022

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The increased deposition of visceral fat in the postmenopause period increases the production of inflammatory cytokines and the release of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and decrease in IL-10. This study investigated the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic syndrome (MS) in postmenopausal women considering different diagnostic criteria. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study based on STROBE. Data were collected regarding the diagnostic criteria for MS (International Diabetes Federation; NCEP (International Diabetes Federation (IDF), National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP-III), and Harmonized criteria), body composition, comorbidities, time without menstruation, values of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α. ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Levene tests, ROC, and odds ratio were performed to analyze the data. The results showed no significant difference between the methods and no interaction between the method and the presence of MS. However, for the values of WC, body fat percentage, TNF-α, and IL-10/TNF-α ratio, a significant effect of MS was observed. In subjects with MS, lower values of body fat percentage and TNF-α and higher values of the IL-10/TNF-α ratio were also observed. The higher IL-10/TNF-α ratio in the MS group is related to the greater anti-inflationary action of IL-10. The IL-10/TNF-α ratio showed significant accuracy to discriminate patients with MS according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria.

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“…Therefore, soy isoflavones are often considered phytoestrogens 21 . A few recent meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials showed the favorable effects of soy isoflavones on METS components, such as blood pressure, lipids, and glycemic control 22-24 . Moreover, genistein intake can improve metabolic disorders, such as hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between equol production and metabolic syndrome in Japanese women in their 50s-60s

Takahashi

Kokubun²,

Anzai³

et al. 2022

Menopause

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Objective: Equol is an active metabolite of soy isoflavone. As a phytoestrogen, equol has the potential to prevent metabolic disorders such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. This study aimed to determine the association between equol production and metabolic syndrome (METS) in postmenopausal women.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,345 women aged 50 to 69 years who underwent health checkups from February 2018 to November 2021 at four health centers in Fukushima, Japan. Equol producers were defined as those with a urinary equol concentration of 1.0 μM or more. METS was defined based on Japanese diagnostic criteria including abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and glucose intolerance. The association between equol production and METS was estimated by logistic regression analysis, with adjustments for age, exercise, physical activity, and fast walking.Results: Of the 1,345 women, 378 (28.1%) were equol producers. The proportion of women who had METS (6.6% vs 10.9%) was significantly lower in the equol-producing group than in the nonproducing group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that equol production was significantly associated with METS (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.95).Conclusions: Equol production was associated with a lower prevalence of METS among women aged 50 to 69 years.

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Effects of Soy Protein Containing of Isoflavones and Isoflavones Extract on Plasma Lipid Profile in Postmenopausal Women as a Potential Prevention Factor in Cardiovascular Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 22 publications

References 69 publications

Animal versus plant-based protein and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies

Animal versus plant-based protein and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies

Relationship of Inflammatory Markers and Metabolic Syndrome in Postmenopausal Women

Association between equol production and metabolic syndrome in Japanese women in their 50s-60s

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