Effects of Strain Relief Loop on MRI RF-Induced Heating of Active Implantable Medical Devices

Akter, Mir Khadiza; Guo, Ran; Islam, Md. Zahidul; Zheng, Jianfeng; Chen, Ji

doi:10.1109/wmcs55582.2022.9866160

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Since these implantable electronics are metallic in nature, unwanted heating and hot spots must be studied to prevent injury to the patient. Significant studies have been conducted showing various techniques such as specific placement or decoy elements and show varying degrees of heating and minimization and image impact [333], [334], [335], [336], [337], [338], [339], [340], [341], [342], [343], [344]. These studies include looking at the impact of electromagnetic interactions with implanted lead wires [337], helical stents [338], catheters [339], as well as a wide range of other implantable devices [342], [343], [344].…”

Section: Microwave Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent papers looked at the intrinsic performance of RF coils through a numerical study that should provide a metric for MRI designers to compare coil quality across manufacturers and customers [321], [323], [342]. Increased computing power also allows researchers to electromagnetically model the human body to predict unwanted effects such as heating, hot spots, or wavelength-dependent light and dark regions in the images [333], [334], [335], [336], [337], [338], [339], [340], [341], [342], [343], [344], [350].…”

Section: Microwave Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of Microwaves in Medicine

Chiao

Lin

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Microw.

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Advances and updates in medical applications utilizing microwave techniques and technologies are reviewed in this paper. The article aims to provide an overview of enablers for microwave medical applications and their recent progress. The emphasis focuses on the applications of microwaves, in the following order, for 1) signal and data communication for implants and wearables through the human body, 2) electromagnetic energy transfer through tissues, 3) noninvasive, remote or in situ physical and biochemical sensing, and 4) therapeutic purposes by changing tissue properties with controlled thermal effects. For signal and data communication and wireless power transfer, implant and wearable applications are discussed in the categories of pacemakers, endoscopic capsules, brain interfaces, intraocular, cardiac and intracranial pressure sensors, neurostimulators, endoluminal implants, artificial retina, smart lenses, and cochlear implants. For noninvasive sensing, remote vital sign radar, biological cell probing, magnetic resonance and microwave imaging, biochemical, blood glucose, hydration and biomarker sensing applications are introduced. For therapeutic uses, the developments of microwave ablation, balloon angioplasty, and hyperthermia applications are reviewed. The scopes of this article mainly concentrate on the research and development efforts in the past 20 years. Recent review articles on specific topics are cited with accomplishment highlights and trends deliberated. At the end of this article, a brief history of the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (MTT-S) Biological Effects and Medical Applications committee and the contributions by its members to the promotion and advancement of microwave technologies in medical fields are chronicled.

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Section: Microwave Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microwave Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Microwaves in Medicine

Chiao

Lin

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Microw.

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RF‐induced heating reduction by minimizing the external portion of the partially in and partially out medical devices under MRI at 1.5 T

Islam,

Guo,

Akter

et al. 2024

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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PurposeTo address the issue of RF‐induced heating for partially in and partially out (PIPO) medical devices during 1.5 T MRI scans by proposing a method of minimizing the external portion.MethodsA method of tightly winding the external segment of the PIPO device is proposed to minimize the overall device effective reception length during MRI scans to mitigate the RF‐induced heating. Two commercially available PIPO medical devices and simplified solid wires were used to demonstrate the concept. RF heating results are compared between typical and minimized‐length trajectories under the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) testing procedure. In addition, 16 scaled and validated device models were used in conjuncture with human body numerical simulations within three virtual human models to estimate clinically relevant heating.ResultsThe wound segments in PIPO devices functioned as a lumped element rather than a receiving antenna, reducing induced energy/heating as compared to the original PIPO devices under typical straight or loop configurations. Minimizing the lead's external portion can reduce the RF‐induced heating by significant factors for all studied cases during ASTM phantom measurements and in human body simulations.ConclusionOur findings show a significant reduction in RF heating by minimizing the external segment, thereby enhancing patient safety during 1.5 T MRI procedures. Although limited to four devices at 1.5 T across two applications, the extent of heating reduction may vary for others. Nonetheless, tightly winding the external segment of PIPO electrodes holds promise for improving device safety under MRI.

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