Effects of sulfonated side chains used in polysulfone based PEMs for VRFB separator

Gindt, Brandon P.; Tang, Zhijiang; Watkins, Davita L.; Abebe, Daniel G.; Seo, Shizuka; Tuli, Sayema K; Ghassemi, Hossein; Zawodzinski, Thomas A.; Fujiwara, Tomoko

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2017.03.013

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Long side-chain with SO 3 H groups tends to form hydrophilic domains with interconnected ion channels for ion diffusion in the membrane. [59] The as-PSU membranes possess a higher proton conductivity of 45 mS cm −1 than ss-PSU membranes (16 mS cm −1 ), whereas the ss-PSU membranes and as-PSU membranes show 2.9 and 2.0 times higher selectivity than as-PSU membranes. [39c] The S-L-PPO membrane with 51% of DS exhibited the ultralow VO 2 + ions permeability of 4.3 × 10 −9 cm 2 s −1 ) ( Figure 5b) and acceptable proton conductivity (4.4 × 10 −2 S cm −1 ).…”

Section: Microstructure Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the ion selectivity is dominated by both the flexibility and length of side chains, whilst the influence of flexibility of side chain is greater than the length of side chain. Fujiwara et al investigated the effect of flexibility of side‐chains including CH 3 CH  CHCH 2 SO 3 H (as) and CH 3 CH  CHPhSO 3 H (ss) on the performance of PSU . The as‐PSU membranes possess a higher proton conductivity of 45 mS cm −1 than ss‐PSU membranes (16 mS cm −1 ), whereas the ss‐PSU membranes and as‐PSU membranes show 2.9 and 2.0 times higher selectivity than as‐PSU membranes.…”

Section: Cation Exchange Membranes (Cems) For Vrfbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Structure–Activity Relationship in Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Jiang

Xiang

et al. 2019

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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IntroductionWith the rapid increase of consumption of fossil fuels and the consequent environment pollution, there is an urgent need for the development and effective utilization of renewable energy sources like wind, solar, biomass, etc. However, these renewable energy sources are intermittent in nature, leading to the conflict between the seasonal and unstable electricity generation and requirement of the continuous and stable power supply for the end application. Thereby, energy storage Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are regarded as one of the most promising electrochemical technologies for grid-connected renewable energy storage systems. The performance of VRFBs, however, strongly depends on the membrane, one of the key components of VRFBs with critical dual functions of promotion of diffusion of active species (H + , H 3 O + , SO 4 2−, or SO 4 H − ) and inhibition of crossover of vanadium ions. This is intrinsically related to the microstructure of membranes. For example, large and connected ionic clusters or pores in membranes are favorable for the ion transfer, but detrimental to the ion selectivity. While small and isolated hydrophilic ion clusters or pores suppress the water uptake and ion transfer, the decreased swelling ratio would enhance chemical stability of membrane. Thus, comprehensive strategies are required to realize the optimal balance between the ion selectivity, proton conductivity, and chemical stability. This review focuses on the effects of microstructure of membranes on the ion transfer and the chemical stability, including introduction of the rigid groups, electron-withdrawing groups, and hydrophobic backbones, are reviewed. The prospect of the development of membranes with high ion selectivity and high-performance VRFBs is discussed.

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Section: Microstructure Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cation Exchange Membranes (Cems) For Vrfbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structure–Activity Relationship in Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Jiang

Xiang

et al. 2019

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…The application of hydrocarbon (HC)‐type PEMs other than Nafion to VRFBs has recently been reported 19‐32 . Sun et al synthesized cationic and anion‐exchange membranes (AEM) with a phenylene backbone and found that the AEM had relatively high durability against V 5+ , and the performance of a VRFB constructed with AEM was comparable to that with Nafion 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has recently been reported that S‐PES synthesized from monomers with sulfonic acid groups exhibit VRFB properties equivalent to those of Nafion 26,27 . However, many reports have newly designed monomer structures to improve membrane performance with respect to the ion conductivity, the selectivity of ion species related to the crossover properties, and the durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of high‐performance hydrocarbon‐type sulfonated polyethersulfone for vanadium redox‐flow battery

Ohira

Sakata²,

Ishida

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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Summary The application of hydrocarbon‐based polymer electrolyte membranes as an alternative to Nafion membranes for vanadium redox‐flow batteries (VRFBs) has been investigated. Ionic conductivity measurements and the crossover characteristics of vanadyl ions (VO2+), as well as durability testing against V5+ in H2SO4 solution, were performed to investigate the applicability of sulfonated poly(ethersulfone) (S‐PES) membranes with high molecular weight to VRFB. The diffusion coefficient of V4+ in S‐PES was lower than that in Nafion, and the ionic conductivity was comparable to that of Nafion in S‐PES with an ion‐exchange capacity (IEC) of 1.5 meq/g. A durability evaluation of V5+ with high oxidizing power indicated that it was extremely stable compared to the sulfonated poly(etheretherketone). It was clarified that by setting the IEC to an appropriately high value and reducing the membrane thickness, the membrane characteristics can be made comparable to those of Nafion. Finally, a VRFB test was performed using S‐PES with controlled IEC and membrane thickness, whereby the high molecular weight S‐PES was shown to have relatively good performance comparable to Nafion.

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“…Non-fluorinated IEMs have gained wide attention due to the fact that they are non-fluorinated polymers and their preparation cost is usually low. In previous studies, non-fluorinated sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) [20,21], sulfonated polyimide (SPI) [22,23,24,25] and sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) [26,27,28,29] have been deeply investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Proton Selectivity Sulfonated Polyimides Ion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Flow Batteries

et al. 2018

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High proton selectivity is the ultimate aim for the ion exchange membranes (IEMs). In this study, two kinds of sulfonated polyimides (SPI)—non-fluorinated and fluorine-containing polyimide—with about 40% sulfonation degree were synthesized by one-step high temperature polymerization. High proton selectivity IEMs were prepared and applied in vanadium flow batteries (VFB). The chemical structures, physicochemical properties and single cell performance of these membranes were characterized. The results indicate that high molecular weight of SPIs can guarantee the simultaneous achievement of good mechanical and oxidative stability for IEMs. Meanwhile, the proton selectivity of SPI membrane is five times higher than that of Nafion115 membranes due to the introduction of fluorocarbon groups. Consequently, the single cell assembled with SPI membranes exhibits excellent energy efficiency up to 84.8% at a current density of 100 mA·cm−2, which is 4.6% higher than Nafion115. In addition, the capacity retention is great after 500 charge–discharge cycles. All results demonstrate that fluorinated SPI ion exchange membrane has a bright prospect in new energy field.

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Effects of sulfonated side chains used in polysulfone based PEMs for VRFB separator

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

The Structure–Activity Relationship in Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

The Structure–Activity Relationship in Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Application of high‐performance hydrocarbon‐type sulfonated polyethersulfone for vanadium redox‐flow battery

High Proton Selectivity Sulfonated Polyimides Ion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Flow Batteries

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