Effects of tooling on the residual stress distribution in an inertia weld

Pang, Judy; Preuss, Michael; Withers, Philip J.; Baxter, Gavin; Small, Colin

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(03)00153-9

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Because the model does not assume any tooling forces, the bending moment cannot be attributed solely to the tooling forces. [19] As one would expect, the predicted (Figure 15(c)) and measured (Figure 16(c)) hoop stresses are largest and most tensile in the hoop direction at the weld line, close to the inner diameter. At a radial position of R ϭ Ϫ2.5 mm, the predicted hoop stress is 1900 MPa in comparison with 1500 MPa measured nondestructively by neutron diffraction.…”

Section: E Residual Stress Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Energy-input-based finite-element process modeling of inertia welding

Wang¹,

Preuss

Withers

et al. 2005

Metall Mater Trans B

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A coupled thermal and mechanical finite-element (FE) model has been developed to describe the inertia welding of RR1000 nickel-base superalloy tubes using the DEFORM 7.2 FE package. The energy input rate is derived from measurements of torque, angular rotation speed, and upset taken from actual inertia welding trials. The model predicts the thermal history of the joint as well as the deformation pattern and final residual stresses. The thermal variation has been validated by a microstructural study of the weld region of the trial joints. Thermal profile predictions have been made for three welds having the same initial kinetic rotational energy but different levels of flywheel inertia and rotational velocity. The concomitant residual stress predictions have been compared with nondestructive neutron diffraction residual stress measurements. The implications of the results for inertia welding are discussed.

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Section: E Residual Stress Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Energy-input-based finite-element process modeling of inertia welding

Wang¹,

Preuss

Withers

et al. 2005

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…[9] Studies focusing on the residual stress characterization of such inertia friction welds have highlighted the high levels of tensile stresses observed in the weld region and the importance of developing an appropriate stress relief temperature. [14,15] The present work is one of the first metallurgical studies of a dissimilar nickel-base inertia friction weld. The metallurgical evaluation of inertia friction-welded alloy 720Li to IN718 has been carried out on both as-welded and postweld heat-treated (PWHT'd) conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertia Friction Welding Dissimilar Nickel-Based Superalloys Alloy 720Li to IN718

Huang

Preuss

et al. 2007

Metall Mater Trans A

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This article describes a comprehensive microstructural characterization of an inertia friction welded joint between nickel-based superalloys 720Li and IN718. The investigation has been carried out on both as-welded and postweld heat-treated conditions. The detailed metallographic analysis has enabled the relation of hardness profiles across inertia-welded alloy 720Li to IN718 and morphological changes of the precipitates present. The work demonstrates that inertia friction welding (IFW) 720Li to IN718 results in a weld free of micropores and microcracks and no significant chemical migration across the weld line. However, substantial differences in terms of grain structure and precipitation phase distribution variations are observed on each side of the dissimilar weld. The high c¢ volume fraction alloy 720Li exhibits a wider heat-affected zone than the mainly c¢¢ strengthened IN718. Alloy 720Li displays only a small hardness trough near the weld line in the as-welded condition due to the depletion of c¢, while c †-strengthened IN718 shows a soft precipitation-free weld region. Postweld heat treatment (PWHT) of the dissimilar weld at 760°C, a typical annealing temperature for alloy 720Li, results in an overmatch of the heat-affected zone in both sides of the weld. The comparison of the as-welded and postweld heat-treated condition also reveals that IN718 is in an overaged condition after the stress relief treatment.

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“…There are several ways of measuring residual stresses in welded components. The most common ones involve mechanical invasive methods, such as hole drilling (Pang et al, 2003;Jang et al, 2003), and non-destructive methods using radiation, such as x-ray (synchrotron) or neutron diffraction (ND) (Webster et al, 2002;Owen et al, 2003;Lorentzen and Ibs, 1995). In general, ND can obtain residual stresses non-destructively within the subsurface and deep within the bulk of the components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%