Effects of Two Rootstocks (Pistacia Vera L. And Pistacia Atlantica Desf.) on the Yield, Morphology, Chemical Composition, and Functional Properties of Two Pistachio Varieties (“Mateur” and “Achoury”)

Abstract

The low diversification of rootstocks can be a problem in reducing the adaptation of pistachio to the Tunisian climatic and soil conditions. Nowadays, the most used rootstock is Pistacia vera; however, the autochthonous Pistacia atlantica could be a good alternative. The aim of this work was to study the effect of two different rootstocks Pistacia vera and Pistacia atlantica on the quality and functionality of two pistachio cultivars (the local variety “Mateur” and the Syrian one “Achoury”). The different parameters studied were: morphological (size, weight), chemical (minerals and fatty acids) and functional (total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity: ABTS+, DPPH•, and FRAP). The pistachios are a good source of minerals (especially Ca and K 19.9 and 9.8 g kg-1, respectively, and Fe 54.5 mg kg-1), polyunsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acids), and phenolic compounds (16.0 g GAE kg-1). The combination P. atlantica and variety “Mateur” led to proper values of tree yield, nut dehiscence, morphology (length and width), and oleic acid content. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the local rootstock P. atlantica led to promising results and can be a good option due to its higher adaptation to the local climatic and soil conditions.

Effect of Rootstock on Some Aspects of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.): A Review

“…In 2015, P. atlantica rootstock provided Mateur cultivar with a better yield than Achouri onto P. vera rootstock. In contrast, the impact of the rootstocks was insignificant in 2014 on both cultivars (Ouni et al, 2018). However, Ouni et al (2022) referred that alternate bearing in P. vera cv.…”

“…Nevertheless, these methods are expensive, require special equipment, and nut quality may be reduced. Regarding nut splitting factors, the rootstock is among the factors that have been reported to impact pistachio nut splitting (Ouni et al, 2018). Early nut splitting was examined by Tajabadipour et al (2006) in 'Ohadi', 'Kallehghuchi', and 'Ahmad-Aghaee' tree cultivars grafted onto P. vera cv.…”

Seed Germination and Seedling Establishment in Pistacia atlantica Desf. and Pistacia lentiscus L. under Drought

“…The multiple uses of this species can explain its reduction in several areas [2]. Despite its adaptation to hostile environments such as salinity [3], drought and nematode tolerance and its good performance as rootstock compared to P. vera, it is-nowadays-rarely used as rootstock for pistachio varieties [4]. Pistacia lentiscus is also an Anacardiaceae tree.…”

“…Pistacia lentiscus is an endemic shrub of the Mediterranean basin [5]. P. atlantica and P. lentiscus species are multipurpose trees, useful in soil conservation [6], as rootstock for P. vera [4], and in industrial and medicinal applications [7]. P. atlantica is a tree par excellence in steppe environments.…”