Efficacy and safety of azithromycin versus placebo to treat lower respiratory tract infections associated with low procalcitonin: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority trial

Tsalik, Ephraim L.; Rouphael, Nadine; Sadikot, Ruxana T.; Rodriguez‐Barradas, Maria C.; McClain, Micah T.; Wilkins, Dana M; Woods, Christopher W.; Swamy, Geeta K.; Walter, Emmanuel B.; Sahly, Hana M. El; Keitel, Wendy A.; Mulligan, Mark J.; Tuyishimire, Bonifride; Serti, Elisavet; Hamasaki, Toshimitsu; Evans, Scott; Ghazaryan, Varduhi; Lee, Marina S.; Lautenbach, Ebbing; Alaaeddine, Ghina; Zreloff, Jennifer J.; McNair, Nina; Kraft, Colleen S.; Roberts, David L.; Bergquist, Sharon; Beydoun, Nour; Waggoner, Jesse J.; Kalangara, Merin E.; Collins, Matthew H.; Dretler, Alexandra W.; Bechnak, Amer Ryan; Oh, Laura; Yuan, Zhihong; Burrows, B. J. C.; Ko, Emily R; Dai, Weixiao; Zeng, Lijuan

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00735-6

Cited by 17 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Generally, paediatricians consider azithromycin a better therapeutic option for community-acquired pneumonia as well as lower respiratory tract infections (e.g., acute pharyngitis, acute otitis media) where S. pneumoniae is the main cause of illness and mortality. This is because of its favourable side-effect profile, ease of administration, and short treatment period (3–5 days) [ 106 , 107 , 108 ].…”

Section: Selected Paediatric Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading Paediatric Infectious Diseases—Current Trends, Gaps, and Future Prospects in Oral Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions

Rampedi,

Ogunrombi,

Adeleke

2024

Pharmaceutics

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Paediatric infectious diseases contribute significantly to global health challenges. Conventional therapeutic interventions are not always suitable for children, as they are regularly accompanied with long-standing disadvantages that negatively impact efficacy, thus necessitating the need for effective and child-friendly pharmacotherapeutic interventions. Recent advancements in drug delivery technologies, particularly oral formulations, have shown tremendous progress in enhancing the effectiveness of paediatric medicines. Generally, these delivery methods target, and address challenges associated with palatability, dosing accuracy, stability, bioavailability, patient compliance, and caregiver convenience, which are important factors that can influence successful treatment outcomes in children. Some of the emerging trends include moving away from creating liquid delivery systems to developing oral solid formulations, with the most explored being orodispersible tablets, multiparticulate dosage forms using film-coating technologies, and chewable drug products. Other ongoing innovations include gastro-retentive, 3D-printed, nipple-shield, milk-based, and nanoparticulate (e.g., lipid-, polymeric-based templates) drug delivery systems, possessing the potential to improve therapeutic effectiveness, age appropriateness, pharmacokinetics, and safety profiles as they relate to the paediatric population. This manuscript therefore highlights the evolving landscape of oral pharmacotherapeutic interventions for leading paediatric infectious diseases, crediting the role of innovative drug delivery technologies. By focusing on the current trends, pointing out gaps, and identifying future possibilities, this review aims to contribute towards ongoing efforts directed at improving paediatric health outcomes associated with the management of these infectious ailments through accessible and efficacious drug treatments.

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Section: Selected Paediatric Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading Paediatric Infectious Diseases—Current Trends, Gaps, and Future Prospects in Oral Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions

Rampedi,

Ogunrombi,

Adeleke

2024

Pharmaceutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Signaling pathways in macrophages: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

Li,

Wang,

Wen

et al. 2023

MedComm

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Macrophages play diverse roles in development, homeostasis, and immunity. Accordingly, the dysfunction of macrophages is involved in the occurrence and progression of various diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 and atherosclerosis. The protective or pathogenic effect that macrophages exert in different conditions largely depends on their functional plasticity, which is regulated via signal transduction such as Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription, Wnt and Notch pathways, stimulated by environmental cues. Over the past few decades, the molecular mechanisms of signaling pathways in macrophages have been gradually elucidated, providing more alternative therapeutic targets for diseases treatment. Here, we provide an overview of the basic physiology of macrophages and expound the regulatory pathways within them. We also address the crucial role macrophages play in the pathogenesis of diseases, including autoimmune, neurodegenerative, metabolic, infectious diseases, and cancer, with a focus on advances in macrophage‐targeted strategies exploring modulation of components and regulators of signaling pathways. Last, we discuss the challenges and possible solutions of macrophage‐targeted therapy in clinical applications. We hope that this comprehensive review will provide directions for further research on therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage signaling pathways, which are promising to improve the efficacy of disease treatment.

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Design of Clinical Trials with the Desirability of Outcome Ranking Methodology

Hamasaki,

He,

et al. 2024

Biostatistics in Biopharmaceutical Research and Development

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Efficacy and safety of azithromycin versus placebo to treat lower respiratory tract infections associated with low procalcitonin: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority trial

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Leading Paediatric Infectious Diseases—Current Trends, Gaps, and Future Prospects in Oral Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions

Leading Paediatric Infectious Diseases—Current Trends, Gaps, and Future Prospects in Oral Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions

Signaling pathways in macrophages: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

Design of Clinical Trials with the Desirability of Outcome Ranking Methodology

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