Efficacy of a program to address older adults’ challenges of daily living after disasters

Miyadera, Hiroko; Kawamata, Hironori; Tanimura, Atsuko; Ishidai, Toshihiro; Kobayashi, Norikazu

doi:10.1080/03601277.2020.1835144

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…PTSD is a serious health problem that negatively influences a person's mental and physical well-being [17,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. Marginalized communities commonly experience waves of irresistible solid negative feelings, anxiety, helplessness, insecurity, grief, and flashbacks during the post-disaster context as symptoms of PTSD [1,4,31,43,[47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Health Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The post-disaster situation can be complex and challenging, and perhaps the most critical challenge is determining the needs quickly to provide crucial assistance to affected communities [3]. Furthermore, people affected by disasters face daily challenges such as losing their routine, lacking social and domestic roles and leisure activities, and, more significantly, losing their purpose in life [4]. Among these people, marginalized communities are exposed to relatively high risks and are consequently more severely affected by disasters than others are [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges Faced by Marginalized Communities in a Post-Disaster Context: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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Many international organizations embrace the ideals of resilience and inclusion in the service of marginalized communities but neglect their inclusion in post-disaster settings. It is imperative to explore the challenges faced by marginalized communities to increase their inclusion in the post-disaster context. Therefore, this paper presents a systematic literature review of the challenges facing marginalized communities in the post-disaster context. The study identified 57 challenges faced by children, women, people with disabilities, and older adults under six categories: social, health, political, infrastructure, economic, and communication. The most common challenges all four marginalized communities face are the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, the struggle to acquire the necessities of life due to unequal distribution, the lack of income-generating opportunities, and sexual and gender-based violence. Most studies focus on women’s challenges, followed by those of children, older adults, and persons with disabilities. The study also explored the challenges faced in terms of intersectionality, experienced by groups of people who fall under more than one marginalized community. Finally, a conceptual framework was developed to improve the inclusion of marginalized communities during the post-disaster context by incorporating the challenges as one of the key components of the framework.

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Section: Health Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges Faced by Marginalized Communities in a Post-Disaster Context: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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“…Miyadera et al in Japan conducted a quasi-experiment trial of 89 older adults aged 65 or older that targeted improvements in physical activities in daily life (ADLs)31 .The older adults' quality of life was significantly improved (p<.01, effect size 0.51) when focusedprogram interventions were administered. Ashida et al studied 194 members in a Midwest community.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster Preparedness Intervention for Older Adults (Seniors’ Positive Involvement in Community Emergencies): Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study (Preprint)

White-Lewis,

Lightner,

Crowely

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Older adults comprise a substantial proportion of the U.S. population requiring support during disaster events. Previous research demonstrates older adults are resilient but deficient in disaster preparedness and lacking in community engagement. There is a gap in high quality research in this area. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to fill this gap by developing a four phased intervention to improve mobility, balance and decrease fall risks (mitigation), increase knowledge of disaster preparedness (preparedness), improve community emergency operation plans (response), and improve self-efficacy in disaster recovery (recovery) for older adults. METHODS This is a community based ten-month study in a large Midwest urban/suburban location targeting community dwelling older adults. Seminars are provided to improve disaster preparedness and recovery planning. Mitigation efforts to improve mobility and safety are offered with ten visits to the older adult’s residences adapting physical activity and balance exercises to the individual’s needs. Emergency Operations Plans for two of the major cities will be reviewed and amended for specific functional needs and access guidelines. Measurements include accelerometers to assess improvement in mobility, fall risk assessments, an abbreviated FEMA Household Survey, Assessment for Disaster Engagement with Partners Tool, Brief Pain Inventory Assessment, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Overarching objectives prioritized during this intervention include underscoring respect for the experience and resilience found in older adults and engaging them in specialized roles supporting their communities during disaster events. RESULTS The intervention began November 2023 and will conclude October 2024. Published study results can be expected in early 2025. CONCLUSIONS With improved disaster preparedness, mobility, recovery planning, and inclusion as a resource in community disasters, older adults are expected to be safer and able to age in place. If successful, future studies will focus on outreach and sustainability. This study will serve as a model for older adult disaster preparedness and community involvement.

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Disaster Preparedness Intervention for Older Adults (Seniors’ Positive Involvement in Community Emergencies): Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study

White-Lewis,

Lightner,

Crowely

et al. 2024

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Older adults comprise a substantial proportion of the US population requiring support during disaster events. Previous research demonstrates that older adults are resilient but deficient in disaster preparedness and lacking in community engagement. There is a gap in high-quality research in this area. Objective This study aims to fill this gap by developing a 4-phase intervention to improve mobility and balance, decrease fall risks (mitigation), increase knowledge of disaster preparedness (preparedness), improve community emergency operation plans (response), and improve self-efficacy in disaster recovery (recovery) for older adults. Methods This is a community-based, 10-month study in a large Midwestern urban and suburban location targeting community-dwelling older adults. The 4 phases of interventions address mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery—aspects improving outcomes from disaster events. In total, 4 to 6 one-hour seminars each month are provided to community-dwelling older adults to improve disaster preparedness and recovery planning. A critical incident packet with resources on essential information such as medications, a communication plan, evacuation resources, and supplies was started and is being reviewed. Preintervention surveys are orally given, with research assistants aiding in any difficulties the participants have. After the surveys, 2 individual 20-minute presentations separated by a short break for snacks and initial completion of their disaster plan preserve the older adult’s attention. Mitigation efforts to improve mobility and safety are offered with 10 visits to the older adults’ residences, adapting physical activity and balance exercises to the individual’s needs. To address response needs, the emergency operations plans for 2 of the major cities are being amended for specific functional needs and access guidelines. Measurements include accelerometers to assess improvement in mobility, fall risk assessments, an abbreviated Federal Emergency Management Association Household Survey, an assessment for disaster engagement with partners tool, a brief pain inventory assessment, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. We analyze data descriptively and compare pre- and postintervention data for each phase with paired-samples t test and other nonparametric techniques (proportion tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests). Overarching objectives prioritized during this intervention include underscoring respect for the experience and resilience found in older adults and engaging them in specialized roles to support their communities during disaster events. Results The intervention was funded in July 2023; enrollment began in November 2023 and is continuing. We will conclude data collection by July 2025. Published study results can be expected in early 2025. Conclusions With improved disaster preparedness, mobility, recovery planning, and inclusion as a resource in community disasters, older adults are expected to be safer and be able to age in place. If successful, future studies will focus on outreach and sustainability. This study will serve as a model for older adult disaster preparedness and community involvement. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/58895

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Efficacy of a program to address older adults’ challenges of daily living after disasters

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Challenges Faced by Marginalized Communities in a Post-Disaster Context: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Challenges Faced by Marginalized Communities in a Post-Disaster Context: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Disaster Preparedness Intervention for Older Adults (Seniors’ Positive Involvement in Community Emergencies): Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study (Preprint)

Disaster Preparedness Intervention for Older Adults (Seniors’ Positive Involvement in Community Emergencies): Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study

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