Efficiency of botanical extracts against Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) nymphs in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of hydroalcoholic plant extracts on Aphis craccivora Koch nymphs in cowpea. The experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions in a randomized block design with five repetitions. Hydrated ethanol was used as a solvent in the botanical extract preparation. Cowpea plants were infested with five female adult aphids, eleven days after planting. After 48 hours, the adults were removed from the plants, leaving the recently bred nymphs. The evaluation of the nymphs’ survival was carried out forty-eight 48 hours after the application of the plant extracts. The botanical extracts with more than 50% efficiency were: Allium tuberosum leaf, Caesalpinia ferrea leaf, Piper aduncum leaf, Carica papaya seed, Dieffenbachia picta leaf, Cucurbita moschata seed and the control treatment, Annona squamosa seed. The botanical extracts with less than 50% efficiency were: Allium sativum bulb, Anacardium occidentale leaf, Borreria verticillata leaf plus flower, Coffea arabica leaf and seed, Delonix regia leaf and flower, Euphorbia tirucalli leaf, Leucaena leucocephala leaf, Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia leaf, Nerium oleander leaf, Syzygium cumini leaf, endocarp and pericarp, Syzygium malaccense leaf, Zingiber officinale rizome and Ziziphus joazeiro leaf. The highest efficiency levels were obtained by D. picta and C. moschata, rendering these extracts suitable for field trials to further evaluate their efficieny against the cowpea black aphid.

Bioactivity of aqueous extracts of annonaceous from the amazon savannah of Roraima on the cowpea aphid

“…Based on the results of the preliminary test with aqueous extract of A. montana leaves, it was observed that the 20% concentration caused 81.3% mortality, at the nymph stage, 24 h after the application of treatments by spraying, and this concentration was chosen for the other bioactivity tests on the cowpea aphid (Figure 1). Studies with aqueous extracts of the genus Annona on the biological cycle of Aphis craccivora have already been reported (Dutra et al, 2020). Sanches et al (2021) and Cruz-Estrada et al (2013), also found the toxic effect of aqueous extracts, including those of A.…”

Implementation of Eco-Friendly Control Tactics against Infestations of Aphis craccivora and Tetranychus urticae on Common Bean Plants

“…In addition, they demonstrated that plant-derived product based cotton seed, clove, and garlic oil and commercially plant extract based rosemary, cinnamon, clove oil, and garlic extract provided sufficient control of whitefly and green peach aphid up to 21 days after application. Moreover, Dutra et al (2020) used hydro-alcoholic plant extracts to control of A. craccivora nymphs on cowpea under greenhouse conditions. They reported that garlic Allium tuberosum leaf and A. sativum bulb extracts was recorded more than 50% efficiency.…”

“…Also, 40% garlic-based extract namely GC-mite was effective against the red spider mite, T. evansi on tomatoes under greenhouse and field conditions (Kithusi, 2005). Moreover, Dutra et al (2020) used garlic Allium tuberosum leaf and A. sativum bulb extracts to control of A. craccivora nymphs on cowpea under greenhouse conditions.…”

Toxic and Repellent Effects of Three Oils as Seed Treatment against Aphis craccivora Koch. under Laboratory Conditions

“…Essential oils can act as toxins, antifeedants, and repellents for many aphid species (Mossa, 2016). Many investigators reported the insecticidal effect of essential oils against A. craccivora (Dutra et al, 2020 andSayed et al, 2020). In earlier research, Abdul Kareem et al (1989) suggested the use of neem for rice before sowing to control two homopterous pests.…”