Efficiency of early generation selections for yield and related characters in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Patil, V. D.; Reddy, M. Venkateswara; Nerkar, Y. S.

doi:10.1007/bf00225157

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The large differences in the level of population differentiation among populations across the Middle East may reflect different histories of these populations and the consequent different allocation of genetic variation among and within populations (Lahane et al 1999;Hernandez-Verdugo et al 2001). The exceptionally high within population variation in this germplasm collection is expected to be maintained or even maximized by a combination of genetic, environmental (Patel et al 1994) and management factors (Assefa et al 1999) across its geographical region of adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Phenotypic Variation in a Germplasm Collection of Carthamus tinctorius L. from the Middle East

Jaradat

Shahid

2006

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Phenotypic diversity was assessed for quantitative and qualitative traits in a salt-tolerant subset of the international safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) germplasm collection originating from 11 countries in three regions (Central Asia, Southwest Asia and Africa) of the Middle East. Phenotypically, the germplasm, among and within regions, was highly variable, especially for rosette-and yield-related traits. Frequency of desirable variants of seven agronomically important traits ranged from 14% for long rosette period to 50% for no or few spines. Level of population differentiation was high for number of capitula per plant (30%), whereas most traits partitioned their diversity (82-87%) within populations. Region-specific nonrandom associations among sets of qualitative traits and the existence of broad morphological and phenotypic diversity in this germplasm were supported by the large number of log-linear models needed to describe qualitative trait associations, the high number of principal components needed to account for total variability, and the low discriminatory power of phenotypic traits among germplasm from regions and countries in the Middle East. These results suggest that adaptation of the species to the wide spatial and temporal variation in the Middle East resulted in a multitude of ecotypes and in enormous amount of local variation. A multivariate selection criterion for high biological and seed yield, long rosette period and no or few spines identified five accessions from Southwest Asia that can be introduced into subsistence farming systems as a multipurpose crop under saline agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Phenotypic Variation in a Germplasm Collection of Carthamus tinctorius L. from the Middle East

Jaradat

Shahid

2006

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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“…Traits such as number of primary branches and heads per plant influence seed yield (Ashri et al, 1974 ; Patil et al, 1994 ; Dajue and Mündel, 1996 ). We found significant variation in the above traits and accessions with high number of primary branches and increased number of heads were identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Molecular, Phenotypic, and Geographical Diversity to Develop Compact Composite Core Collection in the Oilseed Crop, Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) through Maximization Strategy

et al. 2016

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Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a dryland oilseed crop yielding high quality edible oil. Previous studies have described significant phenotypic variability in the crop and used geographical distribution and phenotypic trait values to develop core collections. However, the molecular diversity component was lacking in the earlier collections thereby limiting their utility in breeding programs. The present study evaluated the phenotypic variability for 12 agronomically important traits during two growing seasons (2011–12 and 2012–13) in a global reference collection of 531 safflower accessions, assessed earlier by our group for genetic diversity and population structure using AFLP markers. Significant phenotypic variation was observed for all the agronomic traits in the representative collection. Cluster analysis of phenotypic data grouped the accessions into five major clusters. Accessions from the Indian Subcontinent and America harbored maximal phenotypic variability with unique characters for a few traits. MANOVA analysis indicated significant interaction between genotypes and environment for both the seasons. Initially, six independent core collections (CC1–CC6) were developed using molecular marker and phenotypic data for two seasons through POWERCORE and MSTRAT. These collections captured the entire range of trait variability but failed to include complete genetic diversity represented in 19 clusters reported earlier through Bayesian analysis of population structure (BAPS). Therefore, we merged the three POWERCORE core collections (CC1–CC3) to generate a composite core collection, CartC1 and three MSTRAT core collections (CC4–CC6) to generate another composite core collection, CartC2. The mean difference percentage, variance difference percentage, variable rate of coefficient of variance percentage, coincidence rate of range percentage, Shannon's diversity index, and Nei's gene diversity for CartC1 were 11.2, 43.7, 132.4, 93.4, 0.47, and 0.306, respectively while the corresponding values for CartC2 were 9.3, 58.8, 124.6, 95.8, 0.46, and 0.301. Each composite core collection represented the complete range of phenotypic and genetic variability of the crop including 19 BAPS clusters. This is the first report describing development of core collections in safflower using molecular marker data with phenotypic values and geographical distribution. These core collections will facilitate identification of genetic determinants of trait variability and effective utilization of the prevalent diversity in crop improvement programs.

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“…Under water stress conditions, this value was a little lower (88.5%) indicating that visual selection of the best single plant is still highly effective under both water stress and non-stress conditions. Patil et al (1994) has also showed that SPS could be an effective breeding strategy for improving SY of safflower in early segregating generations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these methods, competition and natural selection effects will be negligible and genetic variation will be conserved during the segregating generations. Patil et al (1994) has shown effectiveness of SPS for seed yield of safflower in F3 and F4 generations. In comparing four selection methods in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), it was shown that SPS and single seed descent (SSD) were superior to the bulk population (BP) and mechanical mass selection (MMS) in the F3 generation for grain yield (Srivastava et al, 1989).…”

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confidence: 95%

Evaluating Selection Methods for Carthamus Interspecific Crosses under Different Water Conditions

et al. 2019

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Core Ideas Wild relatives of safflower are suitable source of genes for improvement of cultivated species.Single plant selection is simple and results in genetic gain in safflower interspecific hybridization under both water stress and non‐stress conditions.Indirect selection is more efficient than direct selection for tolerance to water limited conditions in safflower interspecific crosses. Wild relatives of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) are a potential source of favorable genes for its further improvement through interspecific crosses. Therefore, two wild safflower species (C. palaestinus and C. oxyacanthus) were crossed with the cultivated counterpart in 2011. Three interspecific population progenies including C. palaestinus × C. tinctorius (PT), C. tinctorius × C. oxyacanthus (TO), and C. oxyacanthus × C. palaestinus (OP) were developed. Three selection methods including single plant selection (SPS), modified selected bulk (MSB) and modified bulk (MB) were applied at F3 generation in 2013. Selected lines were evaluated in F4 and F5 generations under water stress and non‐stress conditions during 2014 and 2015. The SPS and MSB methods resulted in higher genetic gain compared to MB under both moisture conditions. Even though, SPS and MSB were equally efficient in selecting better genotypes. SPS was much easier, less laborious, faster and cost‐effective method than MSB. A high percentage of agreement was observed between visual selection and selection based on actual yield only for SPS method by evaluating 2920 single plants. Capitulum diameter (CD) was a good criterion for visual selection of superior genotypes in the field condition under both moisture environments. The PT and TO lines that were produced by SPS and MSB methods showed slightly higher values for most measured traits when compared to the lines which were produced by MB selection method. The SPS‐derived lines were slightly earlier on maturity compared to the lines resulted from other selection methods.

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Efficiency of early generation selections for yield and related characters in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Patterns of Phenotypic Variation in a Germplasm Collection of Carthamus tinctorius L. from the Middle East

Patterns of Phenotypic Variation in a Germplasm Collection of Carthamus tinctorius L. from the Middle East

Utilization of Molecular, Phenotypic, and Geographical Diversity to Develop Compact Composite Core Collection in the Oilseed Crop, Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) through Maximization Strategy

Evaluating Selection Methods for Carthamus Interspecific Crosses under Different Water Conditions

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