Efficiency of Feed Energy Utilization for Protein and Fat Gain in Hereford and Charolais Steers

Old, C. A.; Garrett, W. N.

doi:10.2527/jas1985.603766x

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…OLD e GARRETT (1984) verificaram redução na eficiência de utilização de proteína, à medida que se elevou o teor protéico da dieta. Observaram ainda que, para o mesmo consumo de EM, houve maiores acúmulos de proteína em animais de maturidade tardia (Raça Charolesa) que nos de maturidade precoce (Raça Holandesa).…”

Section: Signoretti Et Al Introduçãounclassified

Eficiência de utilização da energia metabolizável para ganho de peso e exigências de energia metabolizável, nutrientes digestíveis totais e proteína metabolizável de bezerros da raça holandesa

et al. 1999

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RESUMO -Este trabalho visou avaliar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de volumoso nas dietas, sobre a eficiência de utilização de energia metabolizável (EM) para mantença e ganho de peso e as exigências de EM, nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) e proteína metabolizável (PM). Quarenta e quatro bezerros Holandeses, puros por cruzamento, não-castrados, com idade média de 60 dias e peso vivo inicial de 78 kg foram usados. Oito animais foram abatidos ao início do experimento, como referência. Os 36 animais restantes foram distribuídos nos tratamentos, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em quatro grupos de nove animais, de acordo com o nível de volumoso nas dietas: 10, 25, 40, e 55%, na base da MS, usando-se feno de capim coast-cross (Cynodon dactylon), fubá de milho e farelo de soja, os quais constituíram dietas com aproximadamente 16% de PB. Cinco animais de cada tratamento foram abatidos quando atingiram 190 ± 10 kg e quatro, quando atingiram 300 ± 10 kg. As concentrações de energia líquida das dietas e as eficiências de utilização da EM para mantença e ganho de peso foram calculadas. As eficiências de utilização de EM para ganho de peso foram estimadas, por meio de análise de regressão, entre a energia líquida para ganho (ELg), em função da EM das dietas. As exigências médias diárias de EM, nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) e proteína metabolizável (PM) foram estimadas. As exigências de EM para ganho de 1 kg de peso corporal vazio aumentaram, à medida que se elevou o PCVZ dos animais. As eficiências de utilização da energia metabolizável para ganho de peso em: 0,45; 0,40; 0,40 e 0,39, respectivamente, para as concentrações de 2,98; 2,76; 2,64 e 2,53 Mcal/kg de MS, obtidas para os níveis de 10; 25; 40 e 55% de volumoso nas dietas foram estimadas. As exigências médias totais de EM e de NDT para animais de 100, 200 e 300 kg de peso vivo foram de 10,06; 14,45 e 18,12 Mcal/dia e 2,79; 4,00 e 5,02 kg/dia, respectivamente. A eficiência de utilização da EM para ganho foi maior para dietas com menor nível de volumoso.Palavras-chave: bezerro holandês, eficiência, energia metabolizável, nível de volumoso, proteína Efficiency of Metabolizable Energy Utilization for Weight Gain and Requirements of Metabolizable Energy, Total Digestible Nutrients and Metabolizable Protein of Holstein Bull CalvesABSTRACT -This work was to evaluate the effects of different forage levels in the diet on the efficiency of metabolizable energy (ME) utilization for maintenance and weight gain, and the requirements of ME, total digestible nutrients (TDN) and metabolizable protein (MP). Forty-four pure Holstein bulls calves, 60 days old with initial average live weight (LW) of 78 kg were used. Eight reference animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the feeding trial. The remaining 36 animals were allotted in the treatments in a complete randomized experimental design, in four groups of nine animals, in function of forage levels in the diet: 10, 25, 40 and 55%, on the DM basis, using chopped coast-cross (Cynodon dactylon) grass, ground corn ...

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Section: Signoretti Et Al Introduçãounclassified

Eficiência de utilização da energia metabolizável para ganho de peso e exigências de energia metabolizável, nutrientes digestíveis totais e proteína metabolizável de bezerros da raça holandesa

et al. 1999

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“…Consequently, estimates of ME M from both models (0.52 and 0.53 MJ/kg BW 0.75 .day) were within the range of typical maintenance requirements from growing cattle [0.46, 0.68] MJ/kg BW 0.75 . day (Jenkins and Ferrell 1983;Ferrell and Jenkins 1985;Old and Garrett 1985;Marcondes et al 2013).…”

Section: Table 2 Parameter Posterior Means and Standard Deviations Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian analysis of energy balance data from growing cattle using parametric and non-parametric modelling

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Linear and non-linear models have been extensively utilised for the estimation of net and metabolisable energy requirements and for the estimation of the efficiencies of utilising dietary energy for maintenance and tissue gain. In growing animals, biological principles imply that energy retention rate is non-linearly related to the energy intake level because successive increments in energy intake above maintenance result in diminishing returns for tissue energy accretion. Heat production in growing cattle has been traditionally described by logarithmic regression and exponential models. The objective of the present study was to develop Bayesian models of energy retention and heat production in growing cattle using parametric and non-parametric techniques. Parametric models were used to represent models traditionally employed to describe energy use in growing steers and heifers whereas the non-parametric approach was introduced to describe energy utilisation while accounting for non-linearities without specifying a particular functional form. The Bayesian framework was used to incorporate prior knowledge of bioenergetics on tissue retention and heat production and to estimate net and metabolisable energy requirements (NE M and ME M , respectively), and the partial efficiencies of utilising dietary metabolisable energy for maintenance (k m ) and tissue energy gain (k g ). The database used for the study consisted of 719 records of indirect calorimetry on steers and non-pregnant, non-lactating heifers. The NE M was substantially larger in energy retention models (ranged from 0.40 to 0.50 MJ/kg BW 0.75 .day) than were NE M estimates from heat-production models (ranged from 0.29 to 0.49 MJ/kg BW 0.75 .day). Similarly, k m was also larger in energy retention models than in heat production models. These differences are explained by the nature of y-intercepts (NE M ) in these two models. Energy retention models estimate fasting catabolism as the y-intercept, while heat production models estimate fasting heat production. Conversely, ME M was virtually identical in all models and approximately equal to 0.53 MJ/kg BW 0.75 .day in this database.

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“…Les (Lobley 1986 (Millward et al 1976), the actual energy cost of deposition appears to be much higher (Rattray etal (Old and Garrett 1985). Ideally, the energy cost of protein deposition should be examined in animals which are fed an identical diet but which partition energy differently between protein and fat.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of the β-adrenergic agonist cimaterol on body composition and whole body synthesis and degradation of protein in growing lambs

Caine¹,

Mathison²

1992

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. Influence of the B-adrenergic agonist cimaterol on body composition and whole body synthesis and degradation of protein in growing lambs. Can. J. Anim.Sci.72: 569 5ST.Astudywasundertakentodeterminetheeffectofdietarycimaterolatlow(1.1 x maintenance (M)) followed by high (2.2 x M) feed intake on body composition and protein metabolism in growing lambs f'ed alfalfa pellets. Control (n:5), cimaterol ,I (r:5) and cimaterol II (r:4) lambs received rations containing cimaterol at 0. 10.9 and 0 mg kg ' of dietarl dr1 matter (DM) at l.l x M and 0, 10.9 and 10.9 mg kg -DM ar 2.2 v M intake, respectively. On day 22 at each feeding level, whole-body protein turnover was determined as estimated from 6-h continuous infusions of 1-t'"Cl-leucine. Longissimus dorsi areas (P:0.03) and the weights of psoas major, gastrocnemius (P<0.01) and semitendinosus (P:0.06) muscles were increased in lambs fed cimaterol throughout the experiment. There was an increase in leucine irreversible loss (P:0.006), whole body protein synthesis (P:0.004) and accretion (P:0.001) at the high compared to low intake. At the low intake, protein accretion was increased (P < 0. 1) from 63 g d ' in control lambs to 94 g d ' in cimaterol-treated lambs. No difference could be detected in whole-body protein accretion in the lambs at the high feeding level. It was concluded that cimaterol-fed lambs had higher accretion ofprotein in muscles than control lambs and that increases in protein accretion due to cimaterol could be detected by the radioleucine method at the low-intake levbl but not at the high-intake level. Large differences in estimates for protein accretion obtained from leucine metabolism, nitrogen balance and liveweight gain data suggest that refinements in techniques for estimating whole-body protein synthesis and degradation are needed.Key words: Cimaterol, lambs, protein turnover, leucine, intake, amino acids Caine, W. R. et Mathison, G. W. 1992. Influence du bOta-agoniste cimatdrol sur la composition corporelle et sur la synthbse et la d6gradation des prot6ines chez les agneaux en croissance. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 72: 569-587. Une 6tude a 6t6 entreprise pour 6tablir I'effet de l'apport de cimat6rol dans un r6gime d niveau d'ingestion bas (1,1 x niveau d'entretien, E), suivi d'un r6gime d niveau d'ingestion 6lev6 (2,2 x E), sur la composition corporelle et sur le m6tabolisme prot6ique des agneaux en croissance aliment6s aux agglom6r6s de luzerne. Cinq agneaux t6moins, cinq "cimat6rol I" et quatre "cimat6rol II" recevaient du cimat6rol dans leur aliment i raison, respectivement, de 0, 10,9 et 0 mg kg I m.s. d'aliment au r6gime 1,1 x E et de 0, 10,9 et 10,9 mg/kg m.s. au r6gime 2,2 x E. At) 22" jour de chaque phase d'alimentation, le taux global de renouvellement prot6ique 6tait d6termin6 d partir d'infusions continues de l-['-C]-leucine pendant 6h. La section du longissimus dorsi (P < 0,03) et le poids dt psoas major et du gastrocnemi.r.i (P < 0,01) er du semitendinosus (P:0,061 dtaient plus 6lev6s chez les agneaux recevant le cimat6rol durant tou...

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Efficiency of Feed Energy Utilization for Protein and Fat Gain in Hereford and Charolais Steers

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Eficiência de utilização da energia metabolizável para ganho de peso e exigências de energia metabolizável, nutrientes digestíveis totais e proteína metabolizável de bezerros da raça holandesa

Eficiência de utilização da energia metabolizável para ganho de peso e exigências de energia metabolizável, nutrientes digestíveis totais e proteína metabolizável de bezerros da raça holandesa

Bayesian analysis of energy balance data from growing cattle using parametric and non-parametric modelling

Influence of the β-adrenergic agonist cimaterol on body composition and whole body synthesis and degradation of protein in growing lambs

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